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A comparison of an African American sample from the Washington Park Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri, and a European American rib sample composed of cadavers, autopsies, and forensic cases from Missouri reveals the existence of complex age\u2010associated patterns for differences in measures of intracortical remodeling and cortical area. Females from the two samples express similar bone dimensions and dynamics. The African American females appear to lose more bone than their male counterparts, but this difference is absent in the European American sample. When age\u2010associated patterns are considered, it is in the younger cohorts that African Americans exhibit greater relative cortical area than European Americans, but this is reversed in the older ages, when the latter group manifests greater bone mass. The European American males consistently differ in the slopes and intercepts for the variables compared to the other groups, and differences are highly significant with African American females, with the former group maintaining bone mass while the latter exhibit a more rapid bone loss. Achieving larger relative cortical area due to smaller endosteal area, coupled with better bone quality due to lower intracortical porosity early in life, may be a mechanism by which African Americans, especially females, maintain adequate bone mass in older ages, which buffers them from bone loss and related fragility fractures despite higher rates of intracortical remodeling and endosteal expansion later in life. These results suggest that both genetic and environmental factors are responsible for the differences in bone remodeling and bone mass observed between these samples. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2006. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,19]],"date-time":"2005-12-19T18:47:01Z","timestamp":1135018021000},"page":"214-226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Cortical bone remodeling rates in a sample of African American and European American descent groups from the American Midwest: Comparisons of age and sex in ribs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Helen","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam D.","family":"Stout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Ethnic and genetic differences in susceptibility osteoporotic fractures","volume":"9","author":"Anderson JJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"Adv Nutr Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199401000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298737"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Current understanding of osteoporosis","volume":"16","author":"Bruce R","year":"1990","journal-title":"Compr Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"ChoH.2002.Age\u2010associated bone loss in an Imperial Roman population: an histological analysis of inter\u2010skeletal and intra\u2010skeletal variability. 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