{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:18:00Z","timestamp":1790824680387,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,11]],"date-time":"2008-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1221091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cercopithecoid monkeys experience relatively high strains along the lingual aspect of the mandibular symphysis because of lateral transverse bending of the mandibular corpora (\u201cwishboning\u201d) during mastication. Hylander (Am J Phys Anthropol 64 (1984) 1\u201346; Am Zool 25 (1985) 315\u2013330) demonstrated that the distribution of strains arising from wishboning loads is comprehensible with reference to the mechanics of curved beams. Theory of curved beams suggests that lingual tensile strains are some multiple of labial compressive strains, yet limitations of experimental methods and uncertainty in estimating parameters needed for theoretical calculations have confounded attempts to characterize the magnitude of this disparity of normal strains. We evaluate the theoretical disparity of normal strains in wishboning in comparison to <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> strains collected under controlled loads for a sample of mandibles representing two colobine species (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 6). These data suggest that in colobine monkeys, maximum normal lingual strains should be at least twice maximum labial strains. In addition, we reexamine the distribution of symphyseal stress under an assumption of asymmetric bending, a general approach for calculation of stress appropriate for members that lack a plane of symmetry and are bent along an axis that is not coincident with the member's principal axes. Under asymmetric bending in colobine mandibles, the effect of symphyseal inclination on lingual strain is mitigating at the superior transverse torus and exacerbating at the inferior transverse torus. Relative compliance of colobine mandibular bone further supports the hypothesis that the structural and material properties of the colobine mandibular symphysis do not represent a morphological strategy for minimizing masticatory strain. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,11]],"date-time":"2008-09-11T19:21:52Z","timestamp":1221160912000},"page":"306-317","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Masticatory stress and the mechanics of \u201cwishboning\u201d in colobine jaws"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"David J.","family":"Daegling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Scott","family":"McGraw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20397"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02736661"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330690406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-003-1476-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Advanced mechanics of materials","author":"Cook RD","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002230020040"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02547832"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1993.1048"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1055"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012021823076"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"80","article-title":"Bone stiffness variation in the mandibular symphysis of colobine monkeys","volume":"42","author":"Daegling DJ","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199805)106:1<87::AID-AJPA6>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1122"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20584"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Primate adaptation and evolution","author":"Fleagle JG","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(03)00130-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00158-003-0293-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051590208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330640102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/25.2.315"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Evolutionary history of the robust Australopithecines","author":"Hylander WL","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330720304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199811)107:3<257::AID-AJPA3>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8644(200008)112:4<469::AID-AJPA5>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812817020_0006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"361","volume-title":"Comparative primate biology","author":"Kelley J","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"The animal kingdom or zoological system of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus. Class I. Mammalia","author":"Kerr R","year":"1792"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511542121.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10316"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330940306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/anbo.2000.1261"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-3293(00)00036-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-002-1059-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2968-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511542121.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511542121"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Strength of materials","author":"Nash WA","year":"1972"},{"issue":"44","key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","first-page":"195","article-title":"Curved beam model of mandibular symphyseal bending including heterogeneous elasticity","volume":"132","author":"Rapoff AJ","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"issue":"46","key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Full field noncontacting strain measurements in the colobine mandibular symphysis","volume":"133","author":"Rapoff AJ","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20714"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2484(91)90042-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02735294"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000021754"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hub.2006.0020"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2005.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10764-005-9000-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Theory of elasticity","author":"Timoshenko SP","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00158-002-0268-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4687(199802)235:2<157::AID-JMOR5>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(77)90096-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","volume-title":"Roark's formulas for stress and strain","author":"Young WC","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physical Anthropology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajpa.20929","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajpa.20929","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T18:24:05Z","timestamp":1699986245000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajpa.20929"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,11]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajpa.20929"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.20929","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9483","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-8644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,11]]}}}