{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T19:49:41Z","timestamp":1776196181078,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,16]],"date-time":"2009-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1239840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe dental wear and tooth loss is often assumed to impede the processing, breakdown, and energetic conversion of food items, thereby negatively impacting individual health, reproduction, and survival. Ring\u2010tailed lemurs at the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve demonstrate exceptionally high frequencies of severe dental wear and antemortem tooth loss, yet often survive multiple years with these impairments. To test the hypothesis that these lemurs mitigate tooth loss through behavioral adjustments, we collected 191 h of observational data from 16 focal subjects, eight without tooth loss and eight with between 3% and 44% loss. These data indicate dentally\u2010impaired ring\u2010tailed lemurs show compensatory behaviors consistent with the demands of living in a social group. During early afternoon (12:00\u201314:30 h) individuals with loss showed trends towards higher frequencies of foraging and grooming, while individuals without loss rested significantly more often. Individuals with &gt;10% loss (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 7) showed higher frequencies of feeding, foraging, and grooming, and lower frequencies of resting during this period than individuals with &lt;10% loss (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 9). Individuals with tooth loss maintained relatively higher levels of feeding and foraging throughout the day. These individuals licked tamarind fruit at higher frequencies, likely spending more time softening it before ingestion. These individuals did not demonstrate longer feeding bouts overall, although bouts involving tamarinds were significantly longer. Individuals with marked toothcomb wear engaged in higher rates of certain types of allogrooming, demonstrating that social behaviors are used to compensate for reduced grooming efficiency. These data have implications for interpreting behavioral responses to dental impairment in the fossil record. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,16]],"date-time":"2009-04-16T15:49:02Z","timestamp":1239896942000},"page":"120-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Behavioral responses to tooth loss in wild ring\u2010tailed lemurs (<i>Lemur catta<\/i>) at the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"James B.","family":"Millette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle L.","family":"Sauther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank P.","family":"Cuozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156853974X00534"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Baboon mothers and infants","author":"Altmann J","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02735574"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330200213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2004.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2006.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-34126-2_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Leaping ahead: advances in prosimian biology","author":"Cuozzo FP"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"CuozzoFP SautherML.Dental evidence indicates evolutionary disequilibrium among sympatric diurnal lemurs in southern Madagascar in preparation."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20500"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-34586-4_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jasc.2001.0808"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-2484(03)00084-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330840402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodqual.2004.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.10071"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1382604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0310.1983.tb00743.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-6694-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"The leguminosae of Madagascar","author":"Du Puy DJ","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05433"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20392"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of dental erosion","volume":"1","author":"Gandara BK","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10764-008-9316-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"237","volume-title":"Possums and gliders","author":"Gipps JM","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10764-005-5325-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10151"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/279023"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139170697"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.301.5638.1319a"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1988.tb00630.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-34586-4_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10329"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330430207"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330490118"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508377102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10403"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1986.tb03573.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.2002.0598"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.181353998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO01036"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO01022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952836902000080"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/434717b"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20379"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511735011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000074360"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6505(1999)8:4<133::AID-EVAN4>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511810893"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1638\/1042-7260(2007)038[0201:BEOFRL]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","first-page":"151","volume-title":"Biology of the koala","author":"Mitchell P","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330460310"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/201284"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","first-page":"402","article-title":"The relationship between tooth wear, habitat quality and late\u2010life reproduction in a wild red deer population","volume":"76","author":"Nussey DH","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Animal Zool"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2000.00578.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","first-page":"1520","volume-title":"The natural history of Madagascar","author":"Ratsirarson J","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","series-title":"Beza Mahafaly: ecologie et realites socio\u2010economiques","author":"Ratsirarson J","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","first-page":"515","article-title":"An occlusion model for mastication and dental wear in herbivorous mammals","volume":"47","author":"Rensberger JM","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Paleontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","unstructured":"SautherML.1992.Effect of reproductive state social rank and group size on resource use among free\u2010ranging ring\u2010tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) of Madagascar. Ph.D. dissertation Department of Anthropology Washington University (Unpublished)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000052719"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","article-title":"The impact of fallback foods on wild ring\u2010tailed lemur biology within an anthropogenically disturbed habitat","author":"Sauther ML","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-34126-2_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6505(1999)8:4<120::AID-EVAN3>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analysis of species\u2010specific molar adaptations in strepsirrhine primates","volume":"11","author":"Seligsohn D","year":"1977","journal-title":"Contrib Primatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-34126-2_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330630107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000155796"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6505(1997)5:6<199::AID-EVAN2>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330840105"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2388845"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Ringtailed lemur biology","author":"Sussman RW","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511542541"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345890680110901"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-849X.2001.00224.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02736627"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199806)106:2<169::AID-AJPA5>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","first-page":"590","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd Plant Biomechanics Conference, Freiburg\u2010Badenweiler","author":"Yamashita N","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-76585-3_17"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physical Anthropology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajpa.21045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajpa.21045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T03:03:03Z","timestamp":1699930983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajpa.21045"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,16]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajpa.21045"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.21045","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9483","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-8644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,16]]}}}