{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:32:47Z","timestamp":1791073967296,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,9]],"date-time":"2009-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dental microwear analysts have demonstrated that hard diets leave numerous microscopic pits on occlusal surfaces. The relationship between occlusal pitting and gross macrowear, however, is not well known. The current study seeks to elucidate the relationship between dental microwear and macrowear by determining if microscopically pitted teeth are associated with greater expressions of macrowear. This study examined microwear and macrowear on mandibular second molars from 60 prehistoric adult Native Americans representing three dietary regimes (foraging, mixed economy, and agriculture). Initially, two dental microwear feature variables were studied: percentage of pits and mean scratch width. Standard macrowear scores ranged from 4 to 40. ANOVAs suggested that neither of the microwear variables was affected by age or sex, but age affected macrowear scores. Because of this, the sample had a balanced number of young and old adults (i.e., those below and above skeletal age 35). A Pearson's correlation showed no covariation between scratch width and the percentage of pits. Regression analysis indicated that macrowear was not a function of the percentage of pits. However, a significant positive relationship was found between dental macrowear and scratch width. A post priori test found a significant negative relationship between macrowear and the total number of scratches. It is concluded, then, that wide scratches remove more enamel and dentin than do numerous pits, although both cause dental wear. It is suggested here that the term \u201cabrasive\u201d be used to describe those microwear profiles that lead to heavy macrowear and have relatively wide scratches. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,10]],"date-time":"2009-11-10T15:08:23Z","timestamp":1257865703000},"page":"67-73","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["On the relationship of dental microwear to dental macrowear"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Christopher W.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Categorical data analyis","author":"Agresti J","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","series-title":"Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains","volume-title":"Arkansas Archaeological Survey, Research Series","author":"Buikstra JE","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330840106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1952.tb00784.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1206\/0003-0082(2000)301<0001:FCOUMU>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330590208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8644(200102)114:2<124::AID-AJPA1012>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"267","volume-title":"Diet and subsistence: current archaeological perspectives","author":"Harmon AM","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.4159\/harvard.9780674184404.c14","volume-title":"Functional vertebrate morphology","author":"Hiiamae KM","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10125"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(94)90028-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20548"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-2484(82)80057-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"162","article-title":"Dental microwear in Caucasian, American Homo sapiens: preliminary results","volume":"20","author":"Noble VE","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10274"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20277"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"PastorRF.1993.Dental microwear among prehistoric inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent: a quantitative and comparative analysis. Ph.D. dissertation University of Oregon Eugene Oregon."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2006.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330500204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2006.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"SchmidtCW.1998.Dietary reconstruction among prehistoric humans from Indiana: an analysis of Dental Macrowear Dental Pathology and Dental Microwear. Ph.D. dissertation Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1017\/S1551929500064440","article-title":"Methods for casting ancient bone and teeth for viewing under the SEM","volume":"7","author":"Schmidt CW","year":"1999","journal-title":"Micros Today"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8644(200102)114:2<139::AID-AJPA1013>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"174","article-title":"Woodland to Mississippian dietary transitions in Indiana as indicated by dental microwear analysis","volume":"38","author":"Schmidt CW","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Facing the final millenium: studies in the Late Prehistory of Indiana, A.D. 700 to 1700","author":"Schmidt CW","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Paleopathology at the Late Woodland Albee Phase, Commissary Site (12Hn2): implications for sedentism and maize consumption","volume":"2","author":"Schmidt CW","year":"1998","journal-title":"Indiana Archaeol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330510208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2006.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03822"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330630107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Biometry","author":"Sokal RR","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1206\/0003-0082(2002)366<0001:AITROU>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330920106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"1149","article-title":"A review of dental microwear and diet in modern mammals","volume":"2","author":"Teaford MF","year":"1988","journal-title":"Scan Microsc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"341","volume-title":"Advances in dental anthropology","author":"Teaford MF","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511565540.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330800312"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330880308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330640213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330940305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sca.4950170108"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330970202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1990.tb05680.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.684415"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9900041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z86-367"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physical Anthropology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajpa.21197","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajpa.21197","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T00:45:36Z","timestamp":1700613936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajpa.21197"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,9]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajpa.21197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.21197","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9483","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-8644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,9]]}}}