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Yet, discussions of spinal mobility are lacking important functional insight that can be gained by analysis of the zygapophyses, the spine's synovial joints responsible for allowing and resisting intervertebral movements. Here, prezygapophyseal articular facet (PAF) shape in the thoracolumbar spine of <jats:italic>Papio<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Hylobates<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pongo<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Gorilla<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Pan<\/jats:italic> is evaluated in the context of the \u201clong\u2010backed\u201d versus \u201cshort\u2010backed\u201d model. A three\u2010dimensional geometric morphometric approach is used to examine how PAF shape changes along the thoracolumbar vertebral column of each taxon and how PAF shape varies across taxa at corresponding vertebral levels. The thoracolumbar transition in PAF shape differs between <jats:italic>Papio<\/jats:italic> and the hominoids, between <jats:italic>Hylobates<\/jats:italic> and the great apes, and to a lesser extent, among great apes. At the level of the first lumbar vertebra, the PAF shape of <jats:italic>Papio<\/jats:italic> is distinguished from that of hominoids. At the level of the second lumbar vertebra, there is variation to some extent among all taxa. These findings suggest that morphological and functional distinctions in primate vertebral anatomy may be more complex than suggested by a \u201clong\u2010backed\u201d versus \u201cshort\u2010backed\u201d dichotomy. 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