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Recently, a new method for calculating the LA in skeletal material has become available. This method is based on the relationship between the lordotic curvature and the orientation of the inferior articular processes relative to vertebral bodies in the lumbar spines of living primates. Using this relationship, we developed new regression models in order to calculate the LAs in hominins. The new models are based on primate group\u2010means and were used to calculate the LAs in the spines of eight extinct hominins. The results were also compared with the LAs of modern humans and modern nonhuman apes. The lordotic angles of australopithecines (41\u00b0 \u00b1 4), <jats:italic>H. erectus<\/jats:italic> (45\u00b0) and fossil <jats:italic>H. sapiens<\/jats:italic> (54\u00b0 \u00b1 14) are similar to those of modern humans (51\u00b0 \u00b1 11). This analysis confirms the assumption that human\u2010like lordotic curvature was a morphological change that took place during the acquisition of erect posture and bipedalism as the habitual form of locomotion. Neandertals have smaller lordotic angles (LA = 29\u00b0 \u00b1 4) than modern humans, but higher angles than nonhuman apes (22\u00b0 \u00b1 3). This suggests possible subtle differences in Neandertal posture and locomotion from that of modern humans. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2012. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,3]],"date-time":"2011-11-03T10:30:54Z","timestamp":1320316254000},"page":"64-77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Lumbar lordosis of extinct hominins"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Ella","family":"Been","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asier","family":"G\u00f3mez\u2010Olivencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1995.1017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200005010-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"113","volume-title":"Le Squelette Moust\u00e9rian de Kebara 2","author":"Arensburg B","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/20430"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.21145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-1153-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198907000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20795"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1012131107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-005-0984-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","volume-title":"Clinical anatomy of the lumbar spine and sacrum","author":"Bogduk N","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"111","article-title":"L'homme fossile de La Chapelle\u2010aux\u2010Saints","volume":"6","author":"Boule M","year":"1911","journal-title":"Ann Paleontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"513","article-title":"D\u00e9couverte d'un squelette humain moust\u00e9rian a la bouffia de la Chapelle\u2010aux\u2010Saints (Correze)","author":"Bouyssonie A","year":"1908","journal-title":"L'Anthropologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/316788a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"CleuvenotE.1999.Courbures sagittales de la colonne vert\u00e9brale d\u00e9termin\u00e9es par la morphologie des vertebras. 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