{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T23:31:39Z","timestamp":1789428699356,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]],"date-time":"2012-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stress during the prenatal and early postnatal periods (perinatal stress, PS) is known to impact offspring cognitive, behavioral, and physical development, but effects on skeletal growth are not clear. Our objective was to analyze effects of variable, mild, daily PS exposure on adult offspring long bone length. Twelve pregnant rat dams were randomly assigned to receive variable stress from gestational days 14\u201321 (Prenatal group), postpartum days 2\u20139 (Postnatal), both periods (Pre\u2013Post), or no stress (Control). Differences in adult offspring tibia and femur length were analyzed among treatment groups. Mean tibia length differed among groups for males (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.016) and females (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.009), and differences for femur length approached significance for males (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.051). Long bone length was shorter among PS\u2010exposed offspring, especially those exposed to postnatal stress (Postnatal and Pre\u2013Post groups). Results persisted when controlling for nose\u2013tail length. These differences might reflect early stunting that is maintained in adulthood, or delayed growth among PS\u2010exposed offspring. This study suggests that PS results in shorter long bones in adulthood, independently of effects on overall body size. Stunting and growth retardation are major global health burdens. Our study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that PS is a risk factor for poor linear growth. Am J Phys Anthropol 149:307\u2013311, 2012. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]],"date-time":"2012-07-24T08:48:50Z","timestamp":1343119730000},"page":"307-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Brief communication: Prenatal and early postnatal stress exposure influences long bone length in adult rat offspring"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Kelsey Needham","family":"Dancause","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiu Jing","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz","family":"Veru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunbo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Laplante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire Dominique","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2009.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2008.00951.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330490106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2010.01969.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-09-0307"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2010.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(96)00962-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2011.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2011.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980011001315"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.11.3012S"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"The effects of audiogenic stress on the growth of long bones in the laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus)","volume":"41","author":"Doyle WJ","year":"1977","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e3283405921"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"385","article-title":"The long bones of neonatal rats stressed by cold, heat, and noise exhibit increased fluctuating asymmetry","volume":"50","author":"Gest TR","year":"1986","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60032-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800403256494"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31816f2709"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2004.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-008-0035-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2010.01387.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1810291"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011896"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-009-0099-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330680112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1760013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1401910208"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","first-page":"363","article-title":"Stress and fluctuating limb asymmetry in various species of rodents","volume":"39","author":"Siegel MI","year":"1975","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330460115"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2005.00001.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1740411"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000112103.95738.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Catch\u2010up growth","volume":"65","author":"Williams JP","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Embryol Exp Morphol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physical Anthropology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajpa.22117","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajpa.22117","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T18:13:15Z","timestamp":1696961595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajpa.22117"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajpa.22117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.22117","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9483","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-8644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]]}}}