{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T03:02:39Z","timestamp":1789268559315,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,6]],"date-time":"2013-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Light is the primary synchronizer of all biological rhythms, yet little is known about the role of the 24\u2010hour luminous environment on nonhuman primate circadian patterns, making it difficult to understand the photic niche of the ancestral primate. Here we present the first data on proximate light\u2013dark exposure and activity\u2013rest patterns in free\u2010ranging nonhuman primates. Four individuals each of five species of lemurs at the Duke Lemur Center (\n                    <jats:italic>Eulemur mongoz, Lemur catta, Propithecus coquereli, Varecia rubra<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Varecia variegata variegata<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were fitted with a Daysimeter\u2010D pendant that contained light and accelerometer sensors. Our results reveal common as well as species\u2010specific light exposure and behavior patterns. As expected, all five species were more active between sunrise and sunset. All five species demonstrated an anticipatory increase in their pre\u2010sunrise activity that peaked at sunrise with all but\n                    <jats:italic>V. rubra<\/jats:italic>\n                    showing a reduction within an hour. All five species reduced activity during mid\u2010day. Four of the five stayed active after sunset, but\n                    <jats:italic>P. coquereli<\/jats:italic>\n                    began reducing their activity about 2 hours before sunset. Other subtle differences in the recorded light exposure and activity patterns suggest species\u2010specific photic niches and behaviors. The eventual application of the Daysimeter\u2010D in the wild may help to better understand the adaptive evolution of ancestral primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 153:68\u201377, 2014. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,6]],"date-time":"2013-11-06T01:23:26Z","timestamp":1383701006000},"page":"68-77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Daily activity and light exposure levels for five species of lemurs at the duke lemur center"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"Mark S.","family":"Rea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lighting Research Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY 12180"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana G.","family":"Figueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lighting Research Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY 12180"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey E.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lighting Research 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