{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T19:36:55Z","timestamp":1792006615514,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,11]],"date-time":"2014-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1415664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26840155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26840155"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evolutionary and functional significance of the human chin has long been explored from various perspectives including masticatory biomechanics, speech, and anterior tooth size. Recent ontogenetic studies have indicated that the spatial position of internally forming anterior teeth partially constrains adult mandibular symphyseal morphology. The present study therefore preliminarily examined the size and placement of developing anterior teeth in immature Neanderthal mandibles of Dederiyeh 1 and 2, compared with similarly\u2010aged modern humans (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 16) and chimpanzees (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 7) whose incisors are comparatively small and large among extant hominids, respectively. The Dederiyeh 1 mandible is described as slightly presenting a mental trigone and attendant mental fossa, whereas Dederiyeh 2 completely lacks such chin\u2010associated configurations. Results showed that, despite symphyseal size being within the modern human range, both Dederiyeh mandibles accommodated overall larger anterior dentition and displayed a remarkably wide bicanine space compared to those of modern humans. Dederiyeh 2 had comparatively thicker deciduous incisor roots and more enlarged permanent incisor crypts than Dederiyeh 1, but both Dederiyeh individuals exhibited a total dental size mostly intermediate between modern humans and chimpanzees. These findings potentially imply that the large deciduous\/permanent incisors collectively distended the labial alveolar bone, obscuring an incipient mental trigone. It is therefore hypothesized that the appearance of chin\u2010associated features, particularly of the mental trigone and fossa, can be accounted for partly by developmental relationships between the sizes of the available mandibular space and anterior teeth. This hypothesis must be, however, further addressed with more referential samples in future studies. Am J Phys Anthropol 156:482\u2013488, 2015. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,12]],"date-time":"2014-11-12T05:11:19Z","timestamp":1415769079000},"page":"482-488","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Size and placement of developing anterior teeth in immature <scp>N<\/scp>eanderthal mandibles from <scp>D<\/scp>ederiyeh <scp>C<\/scp>ave, <scp>S<\/scp>yria: Implications for emergence of the modern human chin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"156","author":[{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Fukase","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Evolution Studies Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University Hokkaido 060\u20108638 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anthropology Department of Biological Science Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113\u20100033 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Biology and Anatomy Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Okinawa 903\u20100215 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Neanderthal Burials: excavations of the Dederiyeh Cave","author":"Akazawa T","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330780311"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/233280a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3095(95)00068-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(69)90212-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2011.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(88)80047-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2010.01321.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2010.01287.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/evan.1360010506"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","article-title":"The human mandible and the origin of speech","author":"Daegling DJ","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Anthropol 2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330390303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1127\/zma\/78\/1991\/425","article-title":"Tooth crown heights, tooth wear, sexual dimorphism and jaw growth in hominoids","volume":"78","author":"Dean MC","year":"1991","journal-title":"Z Morphol Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000156011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.2002.0563"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"93","volume-title":"Neanderthal Burials: excavations of the Dederiyeh Cave","author":"Dodo Y","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.13.7604"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1994.1056"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21449"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21640"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20828"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1537\/ase.090513"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21447"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/200100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"295","volume-title":"Neandertals and Modrn Humans in Western Asia","author":"Hublin JJ","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","first-page":"167","volume-title":"Aspects of human evolution","author":"Hublin JJ","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2006.11.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Neanderthal burials. 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