{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T01:47:58Z","timestamp":1789868878333,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]],"date-time":"2016-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early\u2010life nutrition is a predisposing factor for later\u2010life outcomes. This study tests the hypothesis that subadults from medieval Trino Vercellese, Italy, who lived to adulthood consumed isotopically different diets compared with subadults who died before reaching adulthood. We have previously used a life history approach, comparing dentine and bone of the same adult individuals (\u201csubadults who lived\u201d), to elucidate dietary variation across the life span. Here, we examine diets of \u201csubadults who died\u201d from the same population, estimated from subadult rib collagen, to explore whether dietary behaviors of subadults who lived differed from those of subadults who died.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010one subadults aged six months to 14.5 years were studied through stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of collagen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals were weaned by age 4 years, with considerable variation in weaning ages overall. Post\u2010weaning, diets of subadults who died comprised significantly less animal protein than diets of subadults who lived. Isotopic values of the two oldest individuals, 13.5 and 14.5 years, show the same status\u2010based variation in diet as do adults from the population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that incorporating animal protein in diet during growth and development supported medieval subadults' ability to survive to adulthood. Isotopic similarities between adults and older subadults suggest \u201cadult\u201d dietary behaviors were adopted in adolescence. Stable isotope evidence from subadults bridges a disparity between ontogenetic age categories and socioculturally meaningful age categories in the past, and sheds light on the underpinnings of health, mortality, growth, and disease in the bioarchaeological record. Am J Phys Anthropol 160:653\u2013664, 2016. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]],"date-time":"2016-04-21T17:04:13Z","timestamp":1461258253000},"page":"653-664","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Subadult dietary variation at Trino Vercellese, Italy, and its relationship to adult diet and mortality"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Laurie J.","family":"Reitsema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2935-8589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Vercellotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Boano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Torino 10123 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"601","volume-title":"San Michele di Trino (VC) Dal villaggio romano al castello medievale","author":"Accorsi C","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/56.2.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21258"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-4403(90)90007-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-02894-0_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"447","volume-title":"Centuries of Childhood: A Social History of Family Life","author":"Ari\u00e8s P.","year":"1962"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2009.00283.x","article-title":"Population Dynamics in Italy in the Middle Ages: New Insights from Archaeological Findings. Popul","volume":"35","author":"Barbiera I","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dev Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22179"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61690-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oa.662"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2006.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.20666"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"BuikstraJE UbelakerDH.1994. Standards for data collection from human skeletal remains. Arkansas Archeological Survey Research Series No. 44."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/39.1.100","article-title":"Prevalence of primary adult lactose malabsorption and awareness of milk intolerance in Italy","volume":"39","author":"Burgio GR","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"740","volume-title":"San Michele di Trino (VC). Dal villaggio romano al castello medievale","author":"Celoria M.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2012.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/317806a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(78)90199-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(81)90244-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","volume-title":"The Premodern Teenager","author":"Eisenbichler K.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Nitrogen isotope tracers of human lactation in modern and archaeological populations","author":"Fogel ML","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2011.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"211","volume-title":"Isotopic investigation of pregnancy and breastfeeding in modern and archaeological populations","author":"Fuller BT.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.1708"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.2090"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20249"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Infant feeding practices in Europe and the Mediterranean from prehistory to the Middle Ages: A comparison between the historical sources and bioarchaeology Childhood in the Past","volume":"8","author":"Fulminante F.","year":"2015","journal-title":"An Int J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","unstructured":"Garvie\u2010LokSJ.2001. Loaves and fishes: a stable isotope reconstruction of diet in medieval Greece [Ph.D. Dissertation]. Calgary: University of Calgary.554p."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"732","volume-title":"San Michele di Trino (VC). Dal villaggio romano al castello medievale","author":"Girotti M","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2012.0060"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2006.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20598"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.anthro.28.1.397"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","first-page":"54","volume-title":"Short\u2010term effects of breastfeeding: a systematic review on the benefits of breastfeeding on diarrhoea and pneumonia mortality","author":"Horta BL","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","unstructured":"HowcroftR.2013. Weaned Upon A Time: Studies of the Infant Diet in Prehistory: Stockholm University.96p."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(1996)23 <177::AID-AJPA7>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jasc.1998.0382"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eeh.2007.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2014.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6300(200011\/12)12:6<825::AID-AJHB10>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","volume-title":"Perspectives from Biological and Forensic Anthropology","author":"Lewis ME.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.146.3648.1170"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Cycles and stability: Italian population before the demographic transition (225 B.C. \u2013 A.D.1900)","volume":"21","author":"Lo Cascio E","journal-title":"Rivista di Storia Economica"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/665829"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/66.5.1102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","unstructured":"MasaliM Doro GarettoT Micheletti CremascoM Negro PonziMM.1995. Una popolazione padana tra trado antico e Medioevo. Interazione antropo\u2010archeologica. Studi antropologici. Proceeding of 1stInternational Congress of the CNR on: Science and technology for the safeguard of cultural heritage in the Mediterranean basin. Vol. II:1395\u20101399."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(84)90204-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","volume-title":"Alimentazione e cultura nel medioevo","author":"Montanari M.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345630420062701"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","volume-title":"Il cibo del ricco ed il cibo del povero: Contributo alla storia qualitativa dellalimentazione: larea pedemontana negli ultimi secoli del Medio Evo","author":"Nada Patrone AMN.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","volume-title":"San Michele di Trino (VC). Dal villaggio romano al castello medievale","author":"Negro Ponzi Mancini MM.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2011.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","first-page":"621","volume-title":"San Michele di Trino (VC). Dal villaggio romano al castello medievale","author":"Nisbet R.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(81)85134-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","volume-title":"Medieval Children","author":"Orme N.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/ap3a.2005.15.89"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/shm\/hkq115"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","first-page":"722","volume-title":"San Michele di Trino (VC). Dal villaggio romano al castello medievale","author":"Porro MA","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20094"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20870"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.22045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22713"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jasc.1998.0387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","article-title":"Trophic level effects on 15N\/14N and 13C\/12C ratios in bone collagen and strontium levels in bone mineral","volume":"14","author":"Schoeninger MJ.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Hum E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(84)90091-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00975551"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jasc.1996.0171"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00438243.1998.9980413"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003598X00064693"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_81_1","first-page":"235","volume-title":"The Ages of Man","author":"Sears E.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_82_1","first-page":"15","volume-title":"The Premodern Teenager: Youth in Society 1150\u20101650","author":"Sebregondi L.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_83_1","volume-title":"Childhood in the Middle Ages","author":"Shahar S.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_84_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Children and Material Culture","author":"Sofaer Derevenski J.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_85_1","volume-title":"The Four Seasons of the House of Cerruti","author":"Spencer J.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/01455532-28-2-211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520312876-033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12520-012-0114-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118108062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_90_1","first-page":"15","volume-title":"The Premodern Teenager","author":"Taddei I.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20955"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-02894-0_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072327"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/276815a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21486"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/278984"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/204084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199805)106:1<1::AID-AJPA1>3.0.CO;2-W"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physical Anthropology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajpa.22995","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajpa.22995","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T21:01:59Z","timestamp":1748898119000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajpa.22995"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajpa.22995"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.22995","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9483","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-8644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]]}}}