{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:01:07Z","timestamp":1772118067018,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]],"date-time":"2018-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre, Poland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRELUDIUM nr 2011\/01\/N\/NZ8\/03208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRELUDIUM nr 2011\/01\/N\/NZ8\/03208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) is hypothesized to reflect the level of an individual's developmental instability, and therefore genetic quality. As a potential signal of biological condition, female body (including breast) symmetry was shown to be perceived as more attractive in mate choice context. If symmetry reflects a woman's genetic quality, it is possible that FA, similarly to other maternal anthropometric cues of biological condition (e.g., body height or waist\u2010to\u2010hip ratio), may be also related to her offspring condition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To test this, breast and body asymmetry was measured in 93 pregnant women in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd pregnancy trimester. Child's birth weight, length, chest and head circumference, information on the Apgar score, congenital malformations, and birth complications was taken from hospital records. The relationships between offspring birth characteristics and maternal breast FA and body FA were analyzed separately, controlled for a child's sex and maternal weight in pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Breast asymmetry was not a predictor of a child's neonatal condition assessed from morphological parameters at birth. Asymmetry of maternal non\u2010ornamental body characteristcs, commonly used to assess body FA, correlated negatively with a child's weight, head and chest circumference at birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A composite asymmetry index of eight body traits, non\u2010sexually selected characteristics, seems to be a better predictor of a woman's ability to invest in fetus during pregnancy than breast asymmetry, sexual ornamentation that is perceived as a signal of a woman's attractiveness and biological condition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.23410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]],"date-time":"2018-01-22T16:12:36Z","timestamp":1516637556000},"page":"127-138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Maternal breast and body symmetry in pregnancy and offspring condition"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"166","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8081-4922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"\u017bela\u017aniewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Biology University of Wroclaw Wroclaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogus\u0142aw","family":"Paw\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Biology University of Wroclaw Wroclaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.1988.tb01969.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0950115"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7324.1273"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-36735"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Breasts of inappropriate size","volume":"203","author":"Bishop P. M.","year":"1969","journal-title":"Practitioner"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep03703","article-title":"Higher limb asymmetry in deceased human fetuses and infants with aneuploidy","volume":"4","author":"Bots J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001703-200212000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.6.1310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2005-0018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2011.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2008.02756.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22657"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22584"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/47.6.942"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15326942DN2203_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2629"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg225"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2010.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-5138(03)00017-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"548","article-title":"Ability of neonatal head circumference to predict long\u2010term neurodevelopmental outcome","volume":"39","author":"Garcia\u2010Alix A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rex Neurosurgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91342-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1988.tb10632.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.2001.6.1.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.87.5.587"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(67)90010-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1991.tb02646.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evolhumbehav.2006.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000235455.21775.6a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2006.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf099"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.21014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199608000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.67.4.502","article-title":"Determinants of neurobehavioral outcome in low\u2010birth\u2010weights infants","volume":"67","author":"Lipper E.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320290409"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","first-page":"441","article-title":"Fluctuating asymmetry as a possible measure of developmental homeostasis in humans. A review","volume":"63","author":"Livshits G.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Human Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3095(87)90027-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2003.tb02473.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","volume-title":"Breast deformities and their repair","author":"Maliniac J. W.","year":"1950"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3095(94)00074-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-5138(96)00072-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-3095(97)00002-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3095(96)00001-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7308.310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/34.4.708","article-title":"Maternal nutrition and fetal outcome","volume":"34","author":"Metcoff J.","year":"1981","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-5138(02)00120-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Enzyme heterozygosity, metabolism and developmental stability","volume":"89","author":"Mitton J. B.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Generica"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12110-016-9277-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(05)80187-3","article-title":"Fluctuating asymmetry in male sexual ornaments may reliably reveal male quality","volume":"40","author":"M\u00f8ller A. P.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Animal Behavior"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.1992.5040691.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02424520"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3095(95)00002-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.1997.10010001.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0706.2003.12010.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/27.2.242"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.76.5.823","article-title":"Lactation failure due to insufficient glandular development of the breast","volume":"76","author":"Neifert M. R.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Fluctuating asymmetry as a measure of developmental stability: Implications of non\u2010normal distributions and power of statistical tests","volume":"191","author":"Palmer A. R.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Zoologica Fennica"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195143454.003.0017","volume-title":"Developmental instability: Causes and consequence","author":"Palmer A. R.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1990.tb01186.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1948550609349514"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7139.1236"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2005.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1991.tb02645.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-5223.2002.1360301.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-5138(00)00060-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr1388","article-title":"Breast asymmetry and predisposition to breast cancer","volume":"8","author":"Scutt D.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3095(95)00073-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7105.401","article-title":"Birth weight and cognitive function in young adult life: Historical cohort study","volume":"315","author":"Sorensen H. T.","year":"1997","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009881"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2003.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1997.tb00022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2006.01175.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2008.01667.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evolhumbehav.2011.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1208180109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0463","article-title":"Fluctuating asymmetry and human male life\u2010history traits in rural Belize","volume":"265","author":"Waynforth D.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22730"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physical Anthropology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajpa.23410","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajpa.23410","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]],"date-time":"2024-06-30T17:28:23Z","timestamp":1719768503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajpa.23410"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajpa.23410"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.23410","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9483","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-8644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]]}}}