{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T05:02:07Z","timestamp":1772773327681,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,29]],"date-time":"2018-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002809","name":"Generalitat de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017SGR\u201000011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017SGR\u201000011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this work is to describe the taphonomic signatures of the Aroeira 3 cranium, with a specific focus on cranial breakage, comparing the cranium with other Middle and Upper Pleistocene hominin fossils in order to approximate the cause of death and the biological agencies and geologic processes involved in the taphonomic record of this specimen. Aroeira\u20103 was recovered from Acheulean layer X of Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal), dated to 390\u2013436\u2009ka.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Taphonomic analyses noted surface modifications employing standard methods. The cranial breakage pattern of Aroeira 3 was analyzed to assess the presence\/absence of perimortem (fresh bone) and postmortem (dry bone) fractures and the possible causes of perimortem skull bone fractures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aroeira 3 presents substantial bone loss of the left supraorbital arch and the outer cranial table of the frontal squama. Most of the fractures present features consistent with postmortem injuries. The fracture to the posterior region of the parietal bone, however, displays features more usually present in perimortem bone fractures. No evidence of anthropogenic activity or of carnivore modification has been identified. None of the expected features of interpersonal conflict are observed. Finally, the bone loss in the frontal squama and the supraorbital arch could be attributed to different agencies, and a traumatic event cannot be totally ruled out as origin of the bone alteration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cannibalism, secondary treatment of the corpse and accumulation induced by carnivores can all be discarded, making an accident the most plausible explanation for the cranial fracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.23689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T12:12:45Z","timestamp":1535631165000},"page":"615-627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Taphonomic inferences about Middle Pleistocene hominins: The human cranium of Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"167","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2263-0121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montserrat","family":"Sanz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Geodin\u00e1mica, Estratigraf\u00eda y Paleontolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Geol\u00f3gicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Centro UCM\u2010ISCIII de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre la Evoluci\u00f3n y Comportamiento Humanos  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nohemi","family":"Sala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro UCM\u2010ISCIII de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre la Evoluci\u00f3n y Comportamiento Humanos  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Daura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament d'Hist\u00f2ria i Arqueologia. Universitat de Barcelona Grup de Recerca del Quaternari (GRQ)\u2010SERP  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Pantoja\u2010P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro UCM\u2010ISCIII de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre la Evoluci\u00f3n y Comportamiento Humanos  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro UCM\u2010ISCIII de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre la Evoluci\u00f3n y Comportamiento Humanos  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Evoluci\u00f3n Humana Universidad de Burgos  Burgos Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Zilh\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIARQ\u2010Centro de Arqueologia da Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Letras, Universidade de Lisboa  Portugal"},{"name":"Departament d'Hist\u00f2ria i Arqueologia Universitat de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Luis","family":"Arsuaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Geodin\u00e1mica, Estratigraf\u00eda y Paleontolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Geol\u00f3gicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Centro UCM\u2010ISCIII de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre la Evoluci\u00f3n y Comportamiento Humanos  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0137"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Cannibalism in Britain: Taphonomy of the Creswellian (Pleistocene) faunal and human remains from Gough's cave (Somerset, England)","volume":"58","author":"Andrews P.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quaint.2015.02.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1253958"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2012.03.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0094837300005820"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2015.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.23079"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1012131107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Cr\u00e2nes troph\u00e9s, cr\u00e2nes d'anc\u00eastres et autres pratiques autour de la t\u00eate: Probl\u00e8mes d'interpr\u00e9tation en arch\u00e9ologie Actes de la table ronde pluridisciokinaire, mus\u00e9e national de Pr\u00e9histoire, Les Eyzies\u2010de\u2010Tayac (Dordogne, France) 14\u201316 octobre 2010 BAR International Series 2415","author":"Boulestin B.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvr43kkd","volume-title":"Cannibalism in the linear pottery culture: The human remains from Herxheim","author":"Boulestin B.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20610"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jasrep.2015.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01670"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1619040114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crpv.2018.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2015.0245"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anthro.2015.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5437.128"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","volume-title":"Stress and strain in bones. 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