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Paleoanthropologically, reliance on such habitats informs behavioral and ecological reconstructions; for example, gallery forest habitats likely played a critical role in the transition from ape to hominin in the early Pliocene and may represent a preferred habitat for the last common ancestor of chimpanzees and humans. Direct indicators for gallery forest habitats preference are lacking. The objective of this article is to assess whether strontium isotope ratios are a reliable indicator of habitat preference for fauna living in and around gallery forests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report bioavailable strontium isotope ratios from the Mugiri River, its tributaries, and its gallery forest (Toro\u2010Semliki Wildlife Reserve, southwestern Uganda), and compare them to surrounding savanna\u2010grassland values. We compare these environmental values to strontium isotopes ratios in faunal tooth enamel to determine if habitat preferences are accurately reflected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gallery forest and savanna\u2010grassland vegetations have significantly different strontium isotope ratio profiles. We trace these isotopic differences to the influence of the Mugiri tributaries, which originate on Paleoproterozoic gneiss deposits on top of the surrounding escarpments. These isotopic differences in vegetation are mirrored in the tissues of fauna with habitat preferences for either the gallery forest or the surrounding grasslands.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This research demonstrates the potential of strontium isotope ratios to identify habitat preferences in modern or fossil fauna under proper geologic variability. It provides a methodological model for future studies seeking to reconstruct habitat preferences in early hominins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.23932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T15:49:56Z","timestamp":1571672996000},"page":"551-564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Detecting riparian habitat preferences in \u201csavanna\u201d chimpanzees and associated Fauna with strontium isotope ratios: Implications for reconstructing habitat use by the chimpanzee\u2010human last common ancestor"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6321-4768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of New Mexico  Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherry V.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of New Mexico  Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego P.","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7760-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin D.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bloomington, Department of Anthropology Indiana University  Bloomington Indiana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2028.2004.00498.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Allan C. 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