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We investigated how food mechanical properties (FMPs) and food geometry affect feeding behaviors and subsequent jaw loading. We compared oral processing in two sympatric lemur species with distinct diets and mandibular morphologies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All\u2010day focal follows of<jats:italic>Lemur catta<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>Lc<\/jats:italic>) and<jats:italic>Propithecus verreauxi<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>Pv<\/jats:italic>) were conducted in both the dry and wet seasons at Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve. We collected activity budget data, filmed feeding bouts, and collected food items to measure their mechanical properties with an FLS\u20101 portable tester. Feeding videos for the top food items they spent the most time consuming were analyzed frame\u2010by\u2010frame to assess bite and chew numbers and rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Lc<\/jats:italic>bite more and at a slower rate on tougher (maximum) foods, chew more for tougher (average) foods, and chew less for stiffer leaves.<jats:italic>Pv<\/jats:italic>initially increase chew number for tougher (average) foods, but their behavior is less affected as food toughness increases.<jats:italic>Pv<\/jats:italic>chew less and more slowly but spend more of the day feeding than<jats:italic>Lc<\/jats:italic>. Additionally, they have a tougher (maximum) diet than<jats:italic>Lc<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Lc<\/jats:italic>adjust their feeding behaviors depending on the FMPs of their top food items, while<jats:italic>Pv<\/jats:italic>feed more consistently. The more robust masticatory apparatus of<jats:italic>Pv<\/jats:italic>may not require them to adjust their feeding behaviors for more mechanically challenging foods. Furthermore, the two species show distinct differences in chewing. Exploring chewing on a daily scale could aid in understanding its impact on the loading of the masticatory apparatus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.24809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T12:29:38Z","timestamp":1689078578000},"page":"45-58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparing effects of food mechanical properties on oral processing behaviors in two sympatric lemur species"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"182","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0562-9759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Flowers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Genetics University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana Dutra","family":"Foga\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Genetics University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Neotropical Primate Research Group \u2013 NeoPReGo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haja Fabrice","family":"Razafindrabe Maminiaina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity University of Antananarivo Antananarivo Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Claude","family":"Razafimampiandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity University of Antananarivo Antananarivo Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlies","family":"Dolezal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Platform for Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayuta","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Genetics University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345980770111101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","article-title":"At least 1\u2009m people facing starvation as Madagascar's drought worsens","author":"Ahmed K.","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Guardian"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156853974X00534"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330940208"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jml.2012.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330690406"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02736661"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2345(200011)52:3<133::aid-ajp2>3.0.co;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-5712(88)90072-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Advances in insect physiology","author":"Clissold F. 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