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We tested several distinct hypotheses about craniofacial modularity in the hominine skull in relation to feeding biomechanics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>First, we formulated hypothesized functional modules for craniofacial traits reflecting specific demands of feeding biomechanics (e.g., masseter leverage\/gape or tooth crown mechanics) in <jats:italic>Homo sapiens<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pan troglodytes<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Gorilla gorilla<\/jats:italic>. Then, the pattern and strength of modular signal was quantified by the covariance ratio coefficient and compared across groups using covariance ratio effect size. Hierarchical clustering analysis was then conducted to examine whether a priori\u2010defined functional modules correspond to empirically recovered clusters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was statistical support for most a priori\u2010defined functional modules in the cranium and half of the functional modules in the mandible. Modularity signal was similar in the cranium and mandible, and across the three taxa. Despite a similar strength of modularity, the empirically recovered clusters do not map perfectly onto our <jats:italic>priori<\/jats:italic> functional modules, indicating that further work is needed to refine our hypothesized functional modules.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest that modular structure of traits in association with feeding biomechanics were mostly shared with humans and the two African apes. 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