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In clinical studies involving bone, alternative calibration methods using bodily tissues and fluids (\u201cphantomless\u201d calibration) have been suggested. However, such tissues are seldom available in archeological and osteological research. This study investigates the potential of dental tissue as internal reference for calibration of \u03bcCT scans, facilitating the analysis of bone MC. We analyzed 70 molars from 24 extant primate species, including eight human teeth, each scanned with density phantoms for calibration. Our findings indicate that sampling specific regions of molars (lateral aspects of the mesial cusps) yields low variation in enamel and dentine MC values, averaging 1.27\u2009g\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> (\u00b10.03) for dentine and 2.25\u2009g\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> (\u00b10.03) for enamel. No significant differences were observed across molar types or among\u00a0scanning procedures, including scanner model, resolution, and filters. An ad hoc test on 12 mandibles revealed low variance in MC between the conventional phantom and dental tissue calibration methods; all 36 measurements (low, medium, and high MC for each mandible) were within 0.05\u2009g\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> of each other \u201481% were within 0.03\u2009g\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> and 94% within 0.04\u2009g\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. Based on these results, we propose a new \u201cphantomless\u201d calibration technique using these mean enamel and dentine MC values. The presented phantomless calibration method could aid in the assessment of bone pathology and enhance the scope of studies investigating bone structure and physical property variations in archeological, osteological, and laboratory\u2010based research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.24952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T12:19:31Z","timestamp":1716380371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Technical note: <scp>Micro\u2010computed tomography<\/scp> calibration using dental tissue for bone mineral research"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"184","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0939-7222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian","family":"Towle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre la Evoluci\u00f3n Humana (CENIEH)  Burgos Spain"},{"name":"Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty 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