{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T14:59:36Z","timestamp":1792681176856,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":235,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Biological Anthropology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Humans, while most often considered to be sexually dimorphic by biologists, exhibit a greater range of variation in sex traits than is generally acknowledged. Intersex individuals, or those with a combination of traits traditionally considered male, female, and\/or atypical for either, represent some of this variation. While much study has been devoted to characterizing sex differences and estimating sex in the human skeleton, skeletal variation in sex traits is unknown for intersex individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Informed predictions of the relative level of skeletal sex indicator expression for nine forms of intersex were created using a recent endocrinological text with a section focused on intersex variations. Predictions of skeletal sex indicator expression in standard sex indicators were defined as low, intermediate, or high.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results predicted that skeletal sex indicator expression is expected to be low for individuals whose form of intersex is complete androgen insensitivity (CAIS), monosomy X, and XY gonadal dysgenesis; intermediate for those whose form of intersex is 5\u03b1\u2010reductase (5\u03b1\u2010RD), partial androgen insensitivity (PAIS), congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) (21\u2010hydroxylase variations), M\u00fcllerian agenesis, and XXY; and high for those whose form of intersex is CAH (11\u03b2\u2010hydroxylase variations) and hypospadias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These predictions may be used for testing hypotheses on intersex skeletal variation when skeletal remains and\/or data are accessible with the consent of intersex individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.70135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T09:38:00Z","timestamp":1760002680000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Human Sexual Polymorphism and Predicted Ranges of Morphological Variation in Human Skeletal Sex Indicators"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"188","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9830-4304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia Marie","family":"Astorino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anthropology Department CUNY Graduate Center  New York New York USA"},{"name":"New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology (NYCEP)  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-17-00796"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"History of Human Life Span","author":"Acs\u00e1di G. Y.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/11250000409356545"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/humans3030013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"A Bioarchaeology of Social Identity","volume":"12","author":"Agarwal S. C.","year":"2012","journal-title":"SAA Archaeological Record"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1548-1433.2012.01428.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03347869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"86","volume-title":"A Companion to Gender Prehistory","author":"Alberti B.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00033.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002650000265"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"736","article-title":"Permanent Tooth Sizes in 46, XY Females","volume":"32","author":"Alvesalo L.","year":"1980","journal-title":"American Journal of Human Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpp.2021.05.002"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tree of Sex: A Database of Sexual Systems","volume":"1","author":"Ashman T.\u2010L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scientific Data"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aman.13224"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511542459.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000223079"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0888-7543(05)80310-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922816684613"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2018.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/scdb.1998.0204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00572678"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000477599"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815767-1.00003-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10236249309378869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6300(200003\/04)12:2<151::AID-AJHB1>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.anthro.28.1.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","volume-title":"Patterns of Human Growth","author":"Bogin B.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-802652-6.00020-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","volume-title":"Morphometric Tools for Landmark Data: Geometry and Biology","author":"Bookstein F. L.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(01)00466-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","volume-title":"Instructions Craniologiques et Craniom\u00e9triques","author":"Broca P.","year":"1875"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(74)80277-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/15.3.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1139795"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","volume-title":"Standards for Data Collection From Human Skeletal Remains: Proceedings of a Seminar at the Field Musuem of Natural History Organized by Jonathan Haas","author":"Buikstra J. E.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","volume-title":"Bodies That Matter","author":"Butler","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","volume-title":"Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity","author":"Butler J.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203499627"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203828274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-2484(81)80017-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevEukarGeneExpr.v5.i2.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/9.5.695"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780190842475.013.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Human Osteology in Archaeology and Forensic Science","author":"Cox M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2018.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2018.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-0760(97)80005-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0243-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","volume-title":"The Descent of Man","author":"Darwin C.","year":"1871"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/S1057-6290(2011)0000012012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18574\/nyu\/9781479891993.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/ff.2013.0022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2007.00266.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.042308.13350"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6505(2000)9:5<201::AID-EVAN2>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmt062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","volume-title":"Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex","author":"Dreger A. D.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/evan.21834"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051620203"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.1120040407"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31431-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-6-3-371"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2326-1951.1993.tb03081.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2326-1951.2000.tb03504.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","volume-title":"Sexing the Body: Gender Politics and the Construction of Sexuality","author":"Fausto\u2010Sterling A.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/424932"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203127971"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2019.1581883"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","volume-title":"Sexing the Body: Gender Politics and the Construction of Society","author":"Fausto\u2010Sterling A.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/10642684-2008-135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2484(80)90061-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/humans3040020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000150835"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(59)91893-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","volume-title":"The History of Sexuality: An Introduction","author":"Foucault M.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpo.10340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ecolsys-011720-114900"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","volume-title":"Greenspan's Basic and Clinical Endocrinology","author":"Gardner D. G.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330240110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22502"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0383"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00438240500404391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1469605307086080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-40995-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2412471"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306312718757081"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod52.2.211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/scdb.1998.0203"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/346245a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12744"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:ASEB.0000014323.56281.0d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-023-02694-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1357034X96002001007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1942552"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2019152118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-300584"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-020-01491-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138480"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/146470010000100305"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Re\u2010Membering a Queer Body. UnderCurrents: Journal of Critical","volume":"6","author":"Holmes M.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environmental Studies"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363460702005002002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","volume-title":"Critical Intersex","author":"Holmes M.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/14155-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_107_1","volume-title":"The Politics of Women's Biology","author":"Hubbard R.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.8.8406"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2007.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2006.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(02)00368-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/183302a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-6784-4_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781317952268"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2017.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-571148-7.50005-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/9780822389217"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61858-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging7090172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/494643"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_121_1","volume-title":"Lessons From the Intersexed","author":"Kessler S. J.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_122_1","volume-title":"Gender: An Ethnomethodological Approach","author":"Kessler S. J.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200111000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13368"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0959353599009004016"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_126_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Examining the Reliability of Morphological Traits for Sex Estimation:","volume":"3","author":"Klales A. R.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Forensic Anthropology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.43.3.285"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_129_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"The Supernumerary Chromosome of Man","volume":"10","author":"Kodani M.","year":"1958","journal-title":"American Journal of Human Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/351117a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icad015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyg156"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_133_1","first-page":"112","volume-title":"The Human Skeleton in Forensic Medicine","author":"Krogman W. M.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10228-020-00754-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-128X(96)00174-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_137_1","volume-title":"Making Sex: Body and Gender From the Greeks to Freud","author":"Laquer T.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511802676"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_139_1","first-page":"152","article-title":"M\u00fcllerian Inhibiting Substance: A Gonadal Hormone With Multiple Functions","volume":"14","author":"Lee M. M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrine Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0738"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2018.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2005.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.3.6428"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/494680"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(06)00415-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000002367"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(72)90085-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0959353500010001010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icad027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01703.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_154_1","volume-title":"Determination of Skeletal Age and Sex: A Manual Prepared for the Dickson Mounds Reburial Team","author":"Milner G. R.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11692-009-9055-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/eaa.2021.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_157_1","unstructured":"Money J.1952.\u201cHermaphroditism: an Inquiry Into the Nature of a Human Paradox.\u201d PhD dissertation. Harvard University."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_158_1","first-page":"254","article-title":"Hermaphroditism, Gender and Precocity in Hyperadrenocorticism: Psychologic Findings","volume":"96","author":"Money J.","year":"1955","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_159_1","volume-title":"Sex Research: New Developments","author":"Money J.","year":"1965"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_160_1","first-page":"301","article-title":"An Examination of Some Basic Sexual Concepts: The Evidence of Human Hermaphroditism","volume":"97","author":"Money J.","year":"1955","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_161_1","first-page":"284","article-title":"Hermaphroditism: Recommendations Concerning Assignment of Sex, Change of Sex and Psychologic Management","volume":"97","author":"Money J.","year":"1955","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1957.02330330119019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-2-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2233084100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1990.tb01238.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2616"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.15.4203"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/283312"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(91)90251-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-023-02268-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)02968-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2007.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_173_1","volume-title":"Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains","author":"Ortner D. J.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203421529"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-5193(72)90007-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_176_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"A Radiological Investigation of the Epiphyses of the Long Bones","volume":"64","author":"Paterson R. S.","year":"1929","journal-title":"Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1676\/14-025.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010142023744"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330300214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/19.4.383"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.186.4167.892"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_182_1","first-page":"69","volume-title":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","author":"Pilbeam D. R.","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/495696"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/409310"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05487-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2004.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/pbm.2007.0054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/book.3434"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_189_1","first-page":"501","volume-title":"Greenspan's Basic and Clinical Endocrinology","author":"Rey R. A.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_190_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Time of Onset of Sperm Production in Boys","volume":"5","author":"Richardson D. W.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Biosocial Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226084718.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0011392113479315"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-5347(93)90024-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/664471"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)70286-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-52-3-287"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199612053352307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/692517"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_199_1","volume-title":"The Mind Has no Sex? Women and the Origins of Modern Science","author":"Schiebinger L.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2004.07.011"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_201_1","article-title":"Sex\/Gender and the Biosocial Turn","volume":"15","author":"Shattuck\u2010Heidhorn H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scholar and Feminist Online"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000363432"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/346240a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/380240a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120613"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2023.105445"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_207_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.12.1309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_208_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2010.01635.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199602)99:2<231::AID-AJPA1>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00190992"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_212_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00356958"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590802288291"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_214_1","volume-title":"Envisioning African Intersex: Challenging Colonial and Racist Legacies in South African Medicine","author":"Swarr A. L.","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_215_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"Centering Transgender Individuals in Forensic Anthropology and Expanding Binary Sex Estimation in Casework and Research","volume":"5","author":"Tallman S. D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Forensic Anthropology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-004-1471-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5223.1956.tb03010.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330650405"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(85)90028-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_220_1","volume-title":"Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man","author":"Trivers R.","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_221_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511752414.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_224_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12040486"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_225_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2004.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_226_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_227_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20776"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_228_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10373"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_229_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118903"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_230_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0960-62"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_231_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.121180498"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_232_1","volume-title":"Human Osteology","author":"White T. D.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_233_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-009-1086-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_234_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.12.6206"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_235_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/284042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_236_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioy059"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.70171","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000}}],"container-title":["American Journal of Biological Anthropology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajpa.70135","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T18:22:05Z","timestamp":1761762125000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajpa.70135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":235,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajpa.70135"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.70135","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2692-7691","2692-7691"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2692-7691","type":"print"},{"value":"2692-7691","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70135"}}