{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T07:07:45Z","timestamp":1784099265742,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NY 63\/2\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NY 63\/2\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TMPFP3_217022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TMPFP3_217022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Biological Anthropology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Beyond non\u2010biomechanical factors, the trabecular architecture of long bone epiphyses variably underlies functional adaptations to locomotor behavior. A recent study, characterizing tamarin trabecular bone using traditional metrics derived from Volumes of Interest (VOIs), identified a preliminary relationship with leaping distance. We hypothesized that quantifying trabecular topological indices from whole epiphyses in the same system would enhance detection of locomotor signals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed \u03bcCT scans of humeral and tibial whole\u2010epiphyseal trabecular bone in four tamarin species representing short\u2010 and long\u2010distance leapers. We quantified topological indices\u2014node density (NodDen), trabecular tortuosity (TrabTort), trabecular length (TrabLen), and fractal dimension (FD)\u2014alongside traditional metrics\u2014degree of anisotropy (DA) and bone volume fraction (BV\/TV). We tested relationships between trabecular traits and leaping distance and assessed the effects of non\u2010functional factors (sex and captivity).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long\u2010distance leapers exhibited significantly higher NodDen in humeral and tibial epiphyses and increased distal humeral TrabTort. Regions of elevated NodDen were concentrated beneath the humeroscapular joint (proximal humerus) and occurred variably across other epiphyses. In contrast, DA, BV\/TV, TrabLen, and FD were more strongly associated with sex and captivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher loading magnitudes associated with longer leaps may increase NodDen and, more tentatively, TrabTort in tamarin limb epiphyses. However, locomotion\u2010related signals were weaker than those linked to sex and captivity, suggesting that leaping distance affects specific trabecular traits, whereas the overall trabecular organization is driven by non\u2010functional factors. Whole\u2010epiphysis analyses and topological indices provide a valuable complement to traditional VOI\u2010based approaches and metrics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.70293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T01:49:43Z","timestamp":1780969783000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Whole\u2010Epiphysis Trabecular Bone in Tamarin Limbs Suggests Effects of Leaping Distance Alongside Non\u2010Biomechanical Factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"190","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9307-5964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uyen","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Zoology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8241-7309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Alfieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Zoology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Universit\u00e4t Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"},{"name":"Museum F\u00fcr Naturkunde, Leibniz\u2010Institut F\u00fcr Evolutions\u2010 Und Biodiversit\u00e4tsforschung  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2543-5188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Veneziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arch\u00e9ozoologie, Arch\u00e9obotanique: Soci\u00e9t\u00e9s, Pratiques et Environnements (AASPE), Mus\u00e9um National D'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Licht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Zoology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8088-8684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John A.","family":"Nyakatura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Zoology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlag021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10914\u2010021\u201009590\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003\u2010023\u201005371\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365\u20102435.70178"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.14195"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198\u2010002\u20101345\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","volume-title":"Grant's Atlas of Anatomy","author":"Anderson J. 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