{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:40:44Z","timestamp":1792590044081,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#UID23456"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#UID23456"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016207","name":"PAST","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016207","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018516","name":"Genus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018516","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005966","name":"Leakey Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005966","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2317012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2317012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007234","name":"University of Chicago","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007234","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Biological Anthropology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We provide descriptions and taphonomic and functional interpretations of two hominin clavicles, SWT1\/HR\u20105 and SWT1\/HR\u20106, from Swartkrans Member 1. We explore the possibility that one of the clavicles derives from the same\n                      <jats:italic>Paranthropus robustus<\/jats:italic>\n                      individual as SWT1\/HR\u20102, an articulating os coxae and partial lower limb from Swartkrans Member 1.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We employed taphonomic methods to describe damage on SWT1\/HR\u20105 and SWT1\/HR\u20106. Complementing the qualitative descriptions, we used osteometric tools and micro\u2010CT scanning to generate quantitative data on external shape, cross\u2010sectional geometry, and trabecular structure of the fossils. Observations were interpreted through comparative analyses. To explore a possible individual association of one of the new Swartkrans clavicles with the SWT1\/HR\u20102 fossil\u2010set, we developed linear regression models, fitted to extant hominoid samples. We then applied these models to each of the Swartkrans clavicles and to the SWT1\/HR\u20102b femur.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periosteal surfaces of the Swartkrans clavicles retain important anatomical and taphonomic details. Their external shapes do not ally them exclusively with the clavicles of any comparative hominoid taxon. However, their cross\u2010sectional geometries and trabecular structures are ultimately consistent with apelike arboreality. Results fail to clarify whether the SWT1\/HR\u20105 and SWT1\/HR\u20106 individuals derived from the same taxon. Association of SWT1\/HR\u20102 with either clavicle could not be reliably determined, although such an association is more likely with SWT1\/HR\u20106.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The finding that SWT1\/HR\u20105 and SWT1\/HR\u20106 derived from arboreally active individuals concords with analyses of the SWT1\/HR\u20102 fossil\u2010set, strengthening the idea that arborealism was an important adaptation for some South African Pleistocene hominins.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.70367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:54:26Z","timestamp":1792587266000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First Primate Clavicles From Swartkrans Cave: Further Indications of Habitual Arboreal Behavior in Some Early Pleistocene South African Hominins"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"191","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5369-7807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Travis Rayne","family":"Pickering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Evolutionary Studies Institute University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7692-088X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah N.","family":"Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Center for Anatomical Sciences University of North Texas  Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8039-4748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason L.","family":"Heaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evolutionary Studies Institute University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5802-9680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristian J.","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evolutionary Studies Institute University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"},{"name":"Division of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald J.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evolutionary Studies Institute University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2095-5360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew V.","family":"Caruana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evolutionary Studies Institute University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"},{"name":"Palaeo\u2010Research Institute University of Johannesburg  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Kuman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9790-8848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominic","family":"Stratford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Anthropology Stony Brook University  Stony Brook New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University Health Sciences Center  Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7194-5958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marine","family":"Cazenave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Origins Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology  Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Division of Anthropology American Museum of Natural History  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Adams D. 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