{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T22:46:22Z","timestamp":1785192382343,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,25]],"date-time":"2018-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Australas J Ultrason Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forearm injuries are a common presentation to the emergency department. Point\u2010of\u2010care ultrasound has been demonstrated to be an accurate and well\u2010tolerated tool in the diagnosis of non\u2010angulated paediatric distal forearm fractures. Ultrasound model simulation is a practical alternative for ultrasound education.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the construction and validation of a low\u2010cost ultrasound model for the simulation of non\u2010angulated paediatric buckle and greenstick distal forearm fractures, for the educational instruction of healthcare providers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials &amp; Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The materials for the basic paediatric fracture model include turkey or chicken bones soaked in white vinegar to make them pliable, food\u2010grade gelatine and plastic containers. The fidelity can be improved by using synthetic gelatine set in a cylindrical mould, which can be placed within a manikin forearm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The models were validated by five paediatric emergency nurse practitioners and five paediatric emergency physicians. All participants were able to correctly identify the fracture types. All participants rated the models highly for both realism and educational value, with a preference for the turkey bone model as a better representation of buckle fractures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ultrasound model described in this article can be made from low\u2010cost materials that can be easily sourced, which facilitates the identification of the different paediatric fracture subtypes, with the additional advantage of not causing discomfort to a child. A limitation of this model includes its inability to simulate the radiolucent epiphysis and represent Salter\u2010Harris fracture subtypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This low\u2010cost, high\u2010fidelity ultrasound model presents both an accurate and practical educational model for training healthcare providers, with a preference towards the turkey bone model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajum.12083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,26]],"date-time":"2018-02-26T02:41:41Z","timestamp":1519612901000},"page":"70-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A low\u2010cost ultrasound model for simulation of paediatric distal forearm fractures"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8579-445X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter James","family":"Snelling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Lady Cilento Children's Hospital South Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.82B8.10087"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-010-0269-3"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0155659","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155659","article-title":"Ultrasound for distal forearm fracture: a systematic review and diagnostic meta\u2010analysis","volume":"11","author":"Hamer DD","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13146"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2016.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11152\/mu.2013.2066.153.ts1ln2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10396-010-0263-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2015.9.27276"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SIH.0b013e3181b1a8d0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-015-9984-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-003-0288-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330390107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e3181eac9a3"}],"container-title":["Australasian Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajum.12083","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajum.12083","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T23:17:19Z","timestamp":1695511039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajum.12083"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,25]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajum.12083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajum.12083","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1836-6864","2205-0140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1836-6864","type":"print"},{"value":"2205-0140","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}