{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T14:55:17Z","timestamp":1777992917385,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,17]],"date-time":"2023-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018178","name":"Australasian Society for Ultrasound in Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018178","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Australas J Ultrason Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical verification of rheumatoid vasculitis (RV) persists as a mid\u2010to\u2010late diagnosis with medical imaging or biopsy. Early and subclinical presentations of RV, in particular, can remain underdiagnosed in the absence of adequate diagnostic testing. In this study, the research demonstrated the precursory changes for RV in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using non\u2010invasive ultrasound imaging of a peripheral vessel.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six participants were recruited: three participants with (RA) and three age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched healthy controls. All participants completed a Foot Health Survey Questionnaire (FHSQ), and participants with RA completed a Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index\u20105 (RADAI\u20105). Bilateral B\u2010mode and Doppler ultrasound of the dorsalis pedis artery (DPA) was performed. The degree of inflammation, lumen and artery diameters, lumen diameter\u2010to\u2010artery diameter ratio and peak systolic velocity in the proximal DPA were compared between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean RADAI\u20105 score (5.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8 out of 10) indicated moderate disease activity amongst participants with RA. Inflammation was observed in the DPA wall in all participants with RA, compared to no inflammation observed in the control group (Friedmans two\u2010way analysis: \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200915.733, P\u2009=\u20090.003). Differences between groups for inflammation, lumen diameter and lumen diameter\u2010to\u2010artery diameter ratio were found (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.034), without differences for artery diameter and peak systolic velocity (P\u2009&gt;\u20090.605). DPA wall inflammation did not correlate with FHSQ scores (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.770, P\u2009=\u20090.073).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite moderate RA disease activity, this is the first study to demonstrate the use of ultrasound to observe inflammation in small vessel disease. Our findings suggest ultrasound imaging may be a viable screening tool to demonstrate arterial wall inflammation, indicating the precursory changes of RV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajum.12373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T04:58:08Z","timestamp":1702875488000},"page":"42-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ultrasound imaging of the dorsalis pedis artery as an early indicator of the precursory changes for rheumatoid vasculitis: A case series"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9047-7950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robyn","family":"Boman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences Western Sydney University  Campbelltown New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Penkala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences Western Sydney University  Campbelltown New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Translational Health Research Institute Western Sydney University  Campbelltown New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa H. M.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrick","family":"Joshua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Macquarie University  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0288-7755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roy Tsz Hei","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences Western Sydney University  Campbelltown New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Translational Health Research Institute Western Sydney University  Campbelltown New South Wales 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