{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T23:36:48Z","timestamp":1788565008620,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,7]],"date-time":"2012-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1344297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral steroids are commonly used in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with and without nasal polyps (CRSwNP and CRSsNP, respectively). Past reports have included evaluation of the evidence for the use of oral steroids in CRS subtypes. However, a review with evidence\u2010based recommendations for all CRS subtypes has never been performed. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive, evidence\u2010based approach for the utilization of oral steroids in the management of CRS.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review of the literature was performed following recommendations of the Clinical Practice Guideline Manual, Conference on Guideline Standardization, and Appraisal of Guidelines and Research Evaluation. Inclusion criteria were: adult population \u226518 years old; CRS; oral steroids as the treatment group; and clearly defined primary clinical end\u2010point.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>This review identified and evaluated the literature on the use of oral steroids for CRSwNP, CRSsNP, allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS), and the use of oral steroids in the perioperative period in these patients. Recommendations based on evidence, benefit\/harm assessment, and value judgments are made.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Oral steroids are strongly recommended for short\u2010term management of CRSwNP. Oral steroids are also recommended for management of AFS. Oral steroid use in CRSsNP is optional due to insufficient strong evidence. Oral steroids are also strongly recommended in the perioperative period for CRSwNP and AFS. There is no recommendation for oral steroids use in the perioperative period in patients with CRSsNP. The risks of oral steroids are rare, but significant adverse effects must be considered. \u00a9 2012 ARS\u2013AAOA, LLC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review of the literature was performed following recommendations of the Clinical Practice Guideline Manual, Conference on Guideline Standardization, and Appraisal of Guidelines and Research Evaluation. Inclusion criteria were: adult population \u226518 years old; CRS; oral steroids as the treatment group; and clearly defined primary clinical end\u2010point.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>This review identified and evaluated the literature on the use of oral steroids for CRSwNP, CRSsNP, allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS), and the use of oral steroids in the perioperative period in these patients. Recommendations based on evidence, benefit\/harm assessment, and value judgments are made.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Oral steroids are strongly recommended for short\u2010term management of CRSwNP. Oral steroids are also recommended for management of AFS. Oral steroid use in CRSsNP is optional due to insufficient strong evidence. Oral steroids are also strongly recommended in the perioperative period for CRSwNP and AFS. There is no recommendation for oral steroids use in the perioperative period in patients with CRSsNP. The risks of oral steroids are rare, but significant adverse effects must be considered. \u00a9 2012 ARS\u2013AAOA, LLC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review identified and evaluated the literature on the use of oral steroids for CRSwNP, CRSsNP, allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS), and the use of oral steroids in the perioperative period in these patients. Recommendations based on evidence, benefit\/harm assessment, and value judgments are made.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Oral steroids are strongly recommended for short\u2010term management of CRSwNP. Oral steroids are also recommended for management of AFS. Oral steroid use in CRSsNP is optional due to insufficient strong evidence. Oral steroids are also strongly recommended in the perioperative period for CRSwNP and AFS. There is no recommendation for oral steroids use in the perioperative period in patients with CRSsNP. The risks of oral steroids are rare, but significant adverse effects must be considered. \u00a9 2012 ARS\u2013AAOA, LLC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral steroids are strongly recommended for short\u2010term management of CRSwNP. Oral steroids are also recommended for management of AFS. Oral steroid use in CRSsNP is optional due to insufficient strong evidence. Oral steroids are also strongly recommended in the perioperative period for CRSwNP and AFS. There is no recommendation for oral steroids use in the perioperative period in patients with CRSsNP. The risks of oral steroids are rare, but significant adverse effects must be considered. \u00a9 2012 ARS\u2013AAOA, LLC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,7]],"date-time":"2012-08-07T19:45:17Z","timestamp":1344368717000},"page":"104-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["Oral corticosteroids in the management of adult chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps: an evidence\u2010based review with recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"David M.","family":"Poetker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology Department of Surgery Zablocki VA Medical Center  Milwaukee WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke A.","family":"Jakubowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology Department of Surgery Zablocki VA Medical Center  Milwaukee WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devyani","family":"Lal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Mayo Clinic  Phoenix AZ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Stanford University  Stanford CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin D.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health and Science University  Portland OR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.06.726"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2007.21.3047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240602000214"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.20024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"CD005232","article-title":"Oral steroids for nasal polyps","volume":"7","author":"Martinez\u2010Devesa P","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20520"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.moo.0000124938.46948.c7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.20095"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps Group. 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