{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T15:00:57Z","timestamp":1785164457191,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,10]],"date-time":"2013-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this work was to systematically review existing literature on the association between allergic rhinitis (AR) and sleep\u2010disordered breathing (SDB) in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a literature search encompassing the last 25 years in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Inclusion criteria included English\u2010language papers containing original human data, number of subjects \u22657, and age &lt;18 years old. Data was systematically collected on study design, patient demographics, clinical characteristics\/outcomes, and level\u2010of\u2010evidence. Two investigators independently reviewed all articles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The initial search yielded 433 abstracts, of which 18 articles were included. Twelve (67%) of the 18 articles showed a statistically significant association between AR and SDB. All articles were either case\u2010series or case\u2010control studies. Based on the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa scale, the quality of the articles was determined to be fair to good. For characterizing AR, 7 (39%) studies included skin\u2010prick testing and\/or <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> testing. For determining presence of SDB, 7 (39%) of the studies used polysomnographic data, of which 1 study incorporated data from a home polysomnogram. Habitual snoring was the most common form of SDB studied, in 10 (56%) of the articles. Obstructive sleep apnea was studied in 6 (33%) articles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the majority of the studies included in this review showed a significant association between AR and SDB, all of the studies were evidence level 3b and 4, for an overall grade of B\u2212 evidence (Oxford Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Center). Further higher\u2010quality studies should be performed in the future to better evaluate the relationship between AR and SDB in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,10]],"date-time":"2013-01-10T21:44:41Z","timestamp":1357854281000},"page":"504-509","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["The association between allergic rhinitis and sleep\u2010disordered breathing in children: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Sandra Y.","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery  Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thuy\u2010Anh N.","family":"Melvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery  Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily F.","family":"Boss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery  Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey L.","family":"Ishman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery  Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2010.24.3499"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2010.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200422060-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap2008.29.3072"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2009.00933.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000071546"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-002-0023-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Congestion and sleep impairment in allergic rhinitis","volume":"29","author":"Sardana N","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20943"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine.Levels of evidence.March 2009.http:\/\/www.cebm.net\/index. aspx?o = 1025. 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