{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:16:30Z","timestamp":1790356590523,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,5]],"date-time":"2013-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effects of increases in maxillary sinus (MS) airflow following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) are unknown. The goal of this study was to quantify the effects of FESS on airflow into the MS in a cohort of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, and compare MS flow rate with patient\u2010reported outcome measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A pilot study was conducted in which preoperative and postoperative computed tomography scans of 4 patients undergoing bilateral or unilateral FESS were used to create 3\u2010dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the nasal airway and paranasal sinuses using Mimics\u2122 (Materialise, Inc.). The size of the maxillary antrostomies post\u2010FESS ranged from 107 to 160 mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. Computational meshes were generated from the 3D reconstructions, and steady\u2010state, laminar, inspiratory airflow was simulated in each mesh using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software Fluent\u2122 (ANSYS, Inc.) under physiologic, pressure\u2010driven conditions. Airflow into the MS was estimated from the simulations and was compared preoperatively and postoperatively. In addition, patients completed preoperative and postoperative Rhinosinusitis Outcome Measure\u201031 (RSOM\u201031) questionnaires and scores were compared with MS airflow rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>CFD simulations predicted that average airflow rate into post\u2010FESS MS increased by 18.5 mL\/second, and that average flow velocity into the MS more than quadrupled. Simulation results also showed that MS flow rate trended with total RSOM\u201031 and all domain scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CFD simulations showed that the healed maxillary antrostomy after FESS can greatly enhance airflow into the MS. Our pilot study suggests that to some extent, increasing airflow into the MS may potentially improve chronic rhinosinusitis patients\u2019 quality of life pre\u2010FESS and post\u2010FESS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,5]],"date-time":"2013-09-05T19:16:44Z","timestamp":1378408604000},"page":"834-840","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Quantification of airflow into the maxillary sinuses before and after functional endoscopic sinus surgery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Dennis O.","family":"Frank","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Zanation","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishal H.","family":"Dhandha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kibwei A.","family":"McKinney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gitanjali M.","family":"Fleischman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Charles S.","family":"Ebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent A.","family":"Senior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia S.","family":"Kimbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill 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