{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T11:15:39Z","timestamp":1696677339705},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]],"date-time":"2013-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The influence of the microbial community on inflammatory subtype in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been proposed. Superantigen mechanisms potentially create a T helper 2 (Th\u20102)\/eosinophilic dominated inflammation as a product of local flora rather than an intrinsic mucosal process. The associations between culturable bacteria and the histopathology and clinical features of CRS patients are described.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study involving patients with CRS undergoing surgery was undertaken. Middle meatal swabs were performed at surgery for microbiological evaluation. Mucosal biopsies were taken and a blinded histopathological profile was performed. Disease specific quality of life and nasal symptom scores were recorded. The presence of culturable organisms and particular pathogens were compared with histopathology and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 95 patients were assessed (48.4% female, mean age 45.6 \u00b1 14.0 years), of which 47.3% had a culturable organism. Tissue eosinophilia (&gt;10\/high\u2010power field [HPF]) was found in 46.1% of these patients and 30.3% had neutrophilic infiltrate, with the presence of neither Gram\u2010positive organisms, Gram\u2010negative organisms, nor species correlating to pathology subtype. A culturable pathogen was a predictor of subepithelial fibrosis (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 6.36, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.04) and Gram\u2010negative bacteria had the strongest association (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 18.82, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). There were no other significant associations with other clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The culturable bacterial community has little impact on histopathology in CRS. While more sensitive tests may detect bacteria in the sinuses, the impact of the simple \u201cculturable\u201d bacteria on the underlying pathologic process is limited. Changes, such as subepithelial fibrosis, suggest colonization may lead to undesirable local mucosal damage and remodeling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T16:52:58Z","timestamp":1381251178000},"page":"29-33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The impact of culturable bacterial community on histopathology in chronic rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Darren","family":"Rom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kornkiat","family":"Snidvongs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Macquarie University  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University  Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peta\u2010Lee","family":"Sacks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dustin","family":"Dalgorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Macquarie University  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"St Vincent's Hospital  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Pratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Ear Nose &amp; Throat Clinic  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Earls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Vincent's Hospital  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Sacks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Macquarie University  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Concord General Hospital  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Macquarie University  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"St Vincent's Hospital  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2007","author":"Fokkens W","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rhinol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2010.02502.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.112374"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus superantigens and their role in eosinophilic nasal polyp disease. [Review]","volume":"30","author":"Tantilipikorn P","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02637.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003783"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01995.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2007.01409.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.20071"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1808-86942010000300009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065898781390055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22398"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"182","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the polymicrobial flora in chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"39","author":"Stephenson MF","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; Rhinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Falr.21220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alr.21220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T19:03:32Z","timestamp":1696619012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alr.21220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alr.21220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alr.21220","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-6976","2042-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-6976","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-6984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]}}}