{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T15:34:59Z","timestamp":1777649699561,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Stanford University Department of Otolaryngology"},{"name":"University of Colorado Department of Otolaryngology"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005193","name":"American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005193","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nasal polyps (NPs) are hallmark inflammatory lesions of sinusitis. Despite the spectrum of NP conditions, cellular differences between NPs from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with NPs (CRSwNP) and aspirin\u2010exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) are poorly understood. NPs are associated with abundant eosinophils; the contributions of neutrophil and basophil granulocytes are less defined. We therefore sought to assess granulocyte subpopulations, and differential effects following prednisone pretreatment, within NPs of CRSwNP and AERD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>NPs, adjacent ethmoid sinus tissue, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery. Samples from 5 cohorts: CRSwNP \u00b1 prednisone (n = 6 each), AERD \u00b1 prednisone (n = 6 each), and controls (n = 9), were analyzed by high\u2010dimensional flow cytometry to gate granulocyte populations. Specimens were also assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systemic prednisone administration was associated with a lower frequency of eosinophils (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.0001, n = 6) in NPs in both CRSwNP and AERD patients, whereas a decrease in neutrophils (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0070, n = 6) in NPs was only observed in CRSwNP patients after prednisone treatment. In contrast, steroids do not alter basophil proportions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.48, n = 6) within NPs from either group. No significant shift in granulocyte subsets after steroid treatment was identified in the adjacent ethmoid mucosa or PBMCs from the same patients. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining supported these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Granulocyte subpopulations are focally affected within NPs by systemic steroid exposure, without notable granulocyte alterations in the surrounding regional tissues. These data provide direct insights into the cellular effects of routine prednisone exposure in CRS patients, and highlight a unique microenvironment present within NP lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T13:29:25Z","timestamp":1381238965000},"page":"866-876","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Systemic prednisone administration selectively alters granulocyte subsets in nasal polyps from aspirin\u2010exacerbated respiratory disease and chronic rhinosinusitis patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Justin A.","family":"Edward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mrinmoy","family":"Sanyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Pathology, Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijay R.","family":"Ramakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan 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