{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T10:27:09Z","timestamp":1756463229997},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,6]],"date-time":"2014-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by eosinophil\u2010dominant infiltration in Europe and the United States. However, CRSwNP in Asia has shown different immunopathologic features. High\u2010mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is a DNA\u2010binding protein that has been suggested to be involved in various chronic inflammatory diseases. The objective of this study is to investigate whether HMGB1 is augmented in the Chinese eosinophilic CRSwNP and if non\u2010eosinophilic CRSwNP is associated with interleukin 5 (IL\u20105), IL\u20108, and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nasal polyps specimens were collected from 41 patients with CRSwNP (20 eosinophilic and 21 non\u2010eosinophilic) undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Biopsies of uncinate process, and ethmoidal mucosa from 9 non\u2010CRS patients were used as controls by means of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, Western blotting, and quantitative reverse\u2010transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT\u2010PCR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>HMGB1\u2010positive expression was significantly increased in the epithelium and among the large inflammatory cells infiltration in Eos CRSwNP and non\u2010Eos CRSwNP as compared with controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The HMGB1 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of HMGB1, IL\u20105, IL\u20108, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 were significantly higher in eosinophilic CRSwNP than those from controls and non\u2010eosinophilic CRSwNP, but no significant differences in these markers were found between non\u2010eosinophilic CRSwNP and controls. HMGB1 expression levels correlated significantly and positively with IL\u20105, IL\u20108, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 (<jats:italic>r<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> = 0.665, 0.771, and 0.724, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and slightly with eosinophil infiltration (<jats:italic>r<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> = 0.149; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.012) and the blood eosinophils count (<jats:italic>r<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> = 0.225; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001) in all samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Upregulation of HMGB1 could be a significant marker typically in eosinophilic CRSwNP and it may also contribute to the pathogenesis of CRSwNP along with IL\u20105, IL\u20108, and TNF\u2010\u03b1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,6]],"date-time":"2014-02-06T15:53:50Z","timestamp":1391702030000},"page":"453-462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Increase of high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Daishi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingfeng","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisa M.","family":"Bellussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Pathology and Oncology O.R.L. Otorhinolaryngology Division, University of Siena  Siena Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Desiderio","family":"Passali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Pathology and Oncology O.R.L. Otorhinolaryngology Division, University of Siena  Siena Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012","volume":"23","author":"Fokkens WJ","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rhinol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.07.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.07.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.10-OA-0290"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00858"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.16.4337"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2009.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2006.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5425.248"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.4.565"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000155991.88802.4D"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200903-0340OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.074484"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090663"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2119\/2006-00108.Goldstein"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21398"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2010.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900504"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-006-0293-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.152.6.1197"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2007.00574.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","first-page":"651","article-title":"The expression of HMGB1 in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis patients and its significance","volume":"26","author":"Liu Y","year":"2010","journal-title":"Zhong Hua Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2012.03998.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","first-page":"386","article-title":"The role of high mobility group box 1 chromosomal protein in the pathogenesis of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis","volume":"32","author":"Bellussi LM","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-59989770005-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.06.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2013.27.3868"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21969"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.04.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","first-page":"406","article-title":"LPS may enhance HMGB1 expression and release in human nasal epithelial cells in vitro","volume":"33","author":"Chen D","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/295081"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2007.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240501900303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2007","volume":"20","author":"Fokkens W","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rhinol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.10-RAI-0231"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; Rhinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Falr.21294","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alr.21294","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T04:10:09Z","timestamp":1696565409000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alr.21294"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,6]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alr.21294"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alr.21294","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-6976","2042-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-6976","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-6984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,6]]}}}