{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T01:48:27Z","timestamp":1789350507107,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,24]],"date-time":"2014-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although symptoms and signs of allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) are similar, treatment and follow\u2010up are different. We aimed to find predictive factors that can be used in primary health care to differentiate AR from NAR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We made a retrospective analysis of cases aged 6\u201318 years old who were diagnosed as having chronic rhinitis within a 1\u2010year period. Skin\u2010prick tests were done and severity of rhinitis symptoms was recorded on a visual analog scale in all patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 472 cases whose medical records were complete and included in the analysis. The median age was 11 (interquartile range [IQR], 5) years. AR was diagnosed in 363 patients (76.9%) and was different from NAR with respect to: median age (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.042), seasonality of the symptoms (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.002), persistent symptoms (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003), moderate\/severe according to visual analogue scale (VAS) score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.017), conjunctivitis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), parental history of AR (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.026), rhinorrhea (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), sneezing (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005), mucosal pallor (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.004), and response to antihistamines (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.035). All parameters with a significance of <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.1 between AR and NAR were included in logistic regression analysis. Seasonality, sneezing, moderate\/severe rhinitis, and response to antihistamines were identified as significant independent parameters to differentiate AR from NAR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Features of rhinitis patients with seasonality, sneezing, moderate\/severe rhinitis, and response to antihistamines may help in differentiation of AR from NAR at the primary care level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,24]],"date-time":"2014-02-24T19:56:38Z","timestamp":1393271798000},"page":"447-452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Predictive factors to differentiate between allergic and nonallergic rhinitis in children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Erdem","family":"Topal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Gazi University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arzu","family":"Bakirtas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Gazi University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozlem","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Gazi University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilbilge Hacer Ertoy","family":"Karag\u00f6l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Gazi University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umut","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Arga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Gazi University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Sadik","family":"Demirsoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Gazi University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ipek","family":"Turktas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Gazi University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"280","article-title":"Extent and burden of allergic diseases in elementary schoolchildren: a national multicenter study","volume":"20","author":"Civelek E","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.1997.tb00147.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2007.01620.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02770900902849897"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"270","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of children with non\u2010allergic rhinitis vs with allergic rhinitis","volume":"28","author":"Vichyanond P","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.22554"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000320050"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2007.01355.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"377","article-title":"Key nasal symptoms predicting a positive skin test in allergic rhinitis and patient characteristics according to ARIA classification","volume":"92","author":"Chaiyasate S","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2009.30.3265"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; 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