{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:00:36Z","timestamp":1783605636522,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> (VD<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) levels have been recently found to be responsible for a number of immunological, anti\u2010inflammatory and anti\u2010infectious roles. Some studies reported that some forms of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS), occurs more commonly in patients who are more susceptible to VD<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> deficiency. The aim of this work was to measure VD<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> levels in patients with AFRS and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report a prospective case control study conducted at Ain Shams University. It included 74 participants divided into 4 groups: group A, 25 patients with AFRS; group B, 15 patients with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP); group C: 15 patients with CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP); and group D, 19 controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) difference of VD<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> between groups A and B compared with groups C and D. There were no statistically significant differences between the 4 groups regard calcium levels. Finally, there was a statistically significant difference in phosphate levels when we compared groups A and B with groups C and D (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum level of VD<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> in patient with CRSwNP and AFRS is significantly lower than that of patients with CRSsNP and control subjects. Although these results do not imply a specific etiological or therapeutic relationship, VD<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> levels may constitute an inexpensive prophylactic and cost\u2010effective option in the therapeutic armamentarium in the control of AFRS and CRSwNP, either by itself or as a synergistic agent with traditional agents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T16:30:56Z","timestamp":1448987456000},"page":"185-190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Evaluation of vitamin D levels in allergic fungal sinusitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Badr El\u2010Din","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head Neck Surgery Ain Shams University Hospitals  Cairo 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