{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T01:45:47Z","timestamp":1773020747988,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]],"date-time":"2015-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bilateral endoscopic injection of lidocaine with epinephrine in the sphenopalatine ganglion at the end of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in controlling postoperative pain and rescue analgesic requirements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective, double blinded, placebo\u2010controlled clinical trial of 60 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) undergoing general anesthesia for ESS was undertaken. Patients were randomized to receive injection of 2 mL of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine or 2 mL saline at the end of surgery. Postoperatively, patients were observed for 24 hours. Pain severity was reported immediately, 6 hours, and 24 hours after surgery using a 10\u2010cm visual analog scale (VAS). The need of rescue analgesia was recorded and compared between the 2 groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 2 groups were matched in demographic and intraoperative details. Postoperative pain severity average was 3.4, 3.0, and 1.6 in the saline group compared to 1.6, 1.7, and 1.0 in the lidocaine group. These differences reached statically significant for the first 2 follow\u2010up intervals. Also, there was significant difference in the whole\u2010day postoperative average score between the 2 groups (2.6 vs 1.4). Twelve patients in the saline group required rescue analgesia compared to 5 in the lidocaine group. The average rescue analgesia dose was 27.5 mg of tramadol in the saline group vs 11.6 in the lidocaine group. These differences were statistically significant. No complications were reported in either group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sphenopalatine ganglion injection of lidocaine at the end of surgery is safe, simple, noninvasive, and an effective method of short\u2010term pain control after sinus surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]],"date-time":"2015-09-15T09:29:55Z","timestamp":1442309395000},"page":"334-338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Endoscopic sphenopalatine ganglion blockade efficacy in pain control after endoscopic sinus surgery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Mohannad","family":"Al\u2010Qudah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Surgery, Division of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery (ORL\u2010HNS) Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbed Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/hn.1999.v120.a95228"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199912000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2015-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941011900410"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2007.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005400170014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2011.00507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","volume-title":"An Anesthesiologist's Perspective in Management of Facial, Head and Neck Pain","author":"Lefkovitz M","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2010.02259.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/74.5.506"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00115550-200511000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2006.02032.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/76.1.151"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.20040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2012.26.3709"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200308000-00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199611000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240501900313"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2015-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240501900509"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199910000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199710000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2344\/0003-3006-59.2.90"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; Rhinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Falr.21644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alr.21644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T20:09:33Z","timestamp":1696622973000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alr.21644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alr.21644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alr.21644","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-6976","2042-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-6976","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-6984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]]}}}