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In the related disorder of asthma, progress has been made in defining disease subtypes on both clinical and pathophysiologic levels, facilitating the development of targeted biologic pharmacotherapy. The potential role of these drugs for the management of CRS will be reviewed. The objective of this work is to highlight the emerging therapeutic targets in CRS in light of evolving treatment options for asthma and enhanced understandings of the clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of CRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article is a review of recent studies regarding current and future advances in biomarker\u2010directed therapies in the medical treatment of CRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Various biologic therapies used in the management of asthma have demonstrated clinical promise for CRS, particularly within the CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) phenotype. Several randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled studies increasingly support the targeting of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin (IL)\u20105 pathways to improve outcome measures in CRSwNP patients. The IL\u20104\/IL\u201013 pathway and other type 2 inflammatory pathways have also shown potential as targets for CRSwNP, but all pathways require further investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recalcitrant CRS in the United States and Europe is most commonly associated with nasal polyposis and a type 2 cytokine skewing in the tissue, resulting in tissue infiltration of eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils. Targeting biomarkers of the associated type 2 pathways may be a practical treatment option for recalcitrant CRSwNP in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]],"date-time":"2016-04-22T20:18:29Z","timestamp":1461356309000},"page":"935-942","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Is there a future for biologics in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Kent","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago IL"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston  Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert 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