{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:16:06Z","timestamp":1787318166611,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,17]],"date-time":"2016-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Middle turbinate edema could be a characteristic feature of aeroallergen sensitization. In this study we sought to determine the diagnostic characteristics of middle turbinate edema as a marker of inhalant allergy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional diagnostic study was performed on patients who had undergone nasal endoscopy and allergy testing. Allergy status was determined by positive serology or epicutaneous testing. Endoscopy was reviewed by blinded assessors for middle turbinate head edema. Appearance was graded as either normal, focal, multifocal, diffuse, or polypoid edema. Receiver\u2010operator (ROC) analysis, likelihood ratio (LR), sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) were determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred eighty\u2010seven patients representing 304 nasal cavities were assessed (42% female, age 39.74 \u00b1 14.7 years, 57% allergic). Diffuse edema (PPV 91.7%\/LR = 8) and polypoid edema (PPV 88.9%\/LR = 6.2) demonstrated the strongest association with inhalant allergy. Multifocal edema was used as a cut\u2010off to represent inhalant allergy from ROC analysis, which demonstrated 94.7% specificity and 23.4% sensitivity. The PPV for multifocal was 85.1% and LR = 4.4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Middle turbinate edema is a useful nasal endoscopic feature to predict presence of inhalant allergy and, although not sensitive, has excellent PPV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,17]],"date-time":"2016-08-17T07:28:46Z","timestamp":1471418926000},"page":"37-42","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Middle turbinate edema as a diagnostic marker of inhalant allergy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Aneeza W.","family":"Hamizan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna M.","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jareen","family":"Ebenzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gretchen","family":"Oakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Tattersall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Sacks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian School of Advanced Medicine Macquarie University  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Concord General Hospital University of Sydney  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Australian School of Advanced Medicine Macquarie University  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21290"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.12.591"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22156"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21058"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"258","article-title":"Allergy as the cause of mulberry hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate","volume":"7","author":"Wallner LJ.","year":"1949","journal-title":"Ann Allergy"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12171"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24880"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; 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