{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T12:50:04Z","timestamp":1789044604116,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DC005805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DC005805"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Depression, pain, and sleep disturbance is a symptom cluster often found in patients with chronic illness, exerting a large impact on quality of life (QOL). A wealth of literature exists demonstrating a significant association between depression, pain, and sleep dysfunction in other chronic diseases. This relationship has not been described in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010eight adult patients with CRS were prospectively enrolled. Patients at risk for depression were identified using the Patient Health Questionnaire\u20102 (PHQ\u20102) using a cut\u2010off score of \u22651. Pain experience was measured using the Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (BPI\u2010SF) and the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF\u2010MPQ). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010seven patients were at risk for depression. Significant positive correlations were found between total PSQI scores and all pain measures (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic> = 0.38\u20100.61, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.05) and between total PSQI scores and PHQ\u20102 scores (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic> = 0.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). For patients at risk for depression, significant, positive correlations were found between pain measures, the total PSQI score, and the 3 PSQI subdomains (sleep latency, sleep quality, and daytime dysfunction; <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic> = 0.31\u20100.61, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). The relationship between pain and sleep dysfunction scores was not seen in the absence of depression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Depression, pain, and sleep dysfunction are interrelated in patients with CRS. In the absence of depression, significant correlations between pain and sleep are not observed, suggesting that depression plays a key role in this interaction. Further research is needed to investigate the complex relationship between depression, pain, and sleep dysfunction in CRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T13:46:52Z","timestamp":1471960012000},"page":"56-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The pain\u2013depression dyad and the association with sleep dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Cox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaelene","family":"Ashby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jess C.","family":"Mace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Division, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland OR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"DelGaudio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Anterior Skull Base, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Emory University  Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Division, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland OR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard R.","family":"Orlandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremiah A.","family":"Alt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2005.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12390"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3130"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/480859"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800414550394"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2014.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1742"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22459"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21695_c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21539"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24040"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4290"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21664"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline (update): adult sinusitis","volume":"152","author":"Rosenfeld RM","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MLR.0000093487.78664.3C"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1139"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(87)91074-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2012.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20602"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1819-08.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-05-01787.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(91)90196-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050142"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2001.0174"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013740"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.574"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2009.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21217"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181907c1b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23432"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2014.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2007.21.2987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000182825.82910.80"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21656"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; 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