{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T12:19:25Z","timestamp":1772194765138,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,26]],"date-time":"2017-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1495756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DC005805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DC005805"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Olfactory dysfunction is a common and defining symptom of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Many measures of olfactory dysfunction in CRS are limited by scoring criteria defined within general populations with interpretations of statistical significance to infer clinically meaningful improvement. In this investigation we define a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT) in CRS patients electing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A multicenter cohort of 290 adult patients electing ESS for medically recalcitrant CRS were prospectively enrolled between March 2011 and June 2015 and completed BSIT evaluations before and after ESS. Distribution and anchor\u2010based analytic approaches were utilized to define MCID values of the BSIT across patient cofactors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 92 (\u223d32%) patients were found to have preoperative olfactory dysfunction (BSIT &lt;9), significantly associated with nasal polyposis (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 35.0; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The effect\u2010size distribution\u2010based approach identified 1.0 as a MCID criterion value between \u201csmall\u201d and \u201cmedium\u201d effect (range, 0.61\u20101.52) overall. Significant mean postoperative change (\u0394M) was reported for patients with olfactory dysfunction (\u0394M = 2.28; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), both with (n = 54; \u0394M = 2.52; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and without (n = 38; \u0394M = 1.95; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) nasal polyposis, significantly exceeding the MCID criterion. Anchor\u2010based approaches with regression modeling confirmed associations between MCID values and postoperative changes to olfactory\u2010specific survey responses (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinically meaningful change in BSIT scores may be defined as an absolute value difference of at least 1.0 unit for heterogeneous patients electing ESS for CRS. Significantly exceeding this criterion may be restricted to CRS patients with baseline olfactory dysfunction, regardless of nasal polyposis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,26]],"date-time":"2017-05-26T19:26:40Z","timestamp":1495826800000},"page":"821-826","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Defining the minimal clinically important difference for olfactory outcomes in the surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Levy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Sinus Nasal &amp; Allergy Center Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jess C.","family":"Mace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Division of Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland OR"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Todd E.","family":"Bodner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Portland State University  Portland OR"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremiah A.","family":"Alt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Division of Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland OR"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26316"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318184e216"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline (update): adult sinusitis","volume":"152","author":"Rosenfeld RM","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21350"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21458"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24587"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21800"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2007.21.3043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/22.1.39"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199603000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21670"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(89)90005-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2042618612Y.0000000001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.06.726"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21886"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21364"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21776"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21721"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Staging in rhinosinusitus","volume":"31","author":"Lund VJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-59989770005-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01995.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services Office for Civil Rights Headquarters.Health Information Privacy.https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/hipaa\/. 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