{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T18:48:21Z","timestamp":1709664501149},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHK08DE021413","NIHR01HL132523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHK08DE021413","NIHR01HL132523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disorder of the upper airway characterized by chronic inflammation and significant sinonasal remodeling. CRS is comprised of 2 major subgroups, based on whether polyps are present or absent. In some cases, it is characterized by colonization with opportunistic pathogens such as <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> (PA), <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, and other bacteria. The innate immune system of the sinonasal epithelium is the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens. Surfactant protein A (SP\u2010A) is a member of the collectin family secreted by the airway epithelia and plays a critical role in airway innate immunity, as it can aggregate bacteria. We hypothesized that SP\u2010A plays a role in bacterial CRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Air\u2010liquid interface (ALI) cultures of nasal epithelial cells were derived from human ex\u2010vivo healthy and CRS sinus tissues (n = 26) and challenged with PA. SP\u2010A levels were measured with western blot and quantitative reverse transcript\u2010polymerase chain reaction (qRT\u2010PCR) in ALI and sinus tissues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We determined that SP\u2010A: (i) mRNA and protein levels are increased significantly in CRS tissues compared with healthy sinuses; (ii) although primarily expressed in the lung, it is also synthesized and expressed in sinonasal epithelia; (ii) is expressed in the sinuses of an SP\u2010A humanized transgenic mouse but not in SP\u2010A knockout mice; (iv) mRNA levels are upregulated significantly during PA challenge, but protein levels are downregulated 4 hours postchallenge and upregulated at 12 hours.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data suggest that SP\u2010A is expressed in the sinuses and that it plays a role in the sinus innate immune responses during bacterial infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T16:06:57Z","timestamp":1500566817000},"page":"897-903","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Novel role of surfactant protein A in bacterial sinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"George T.","family":"Noutsios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; 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