{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T22:18:54Z","timestamp":1781043534164,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]],"date-time":"2017-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endoscopic medial maxillectomies (EMMs) are used to optimize exposure of the maxillary sinus and retromaxillary areas. Although in type D EMM (Sturmann\u2010Canfield procedure) the anterior superior alveolar nerve (ASAN) is always at risk of injury, only 29% of patients complained of alveolar process and dental anesthesia. The purpose of this anatomical study is to assess the neural anastomotic network of the ASAN (ASAN\u2010NAN) and describe different extensions of type D EMMs in a preclinical setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ASAN and its medial anastomotic branches (MABs) and lateral anastomotic branches (LABs) were evaluated by cone\u2010beam computerized tomography (CBCT). Five different extensions of type D (D1 to D5) EMMs were identified and nerves at risk of injury in each type were assessed by CBCT. Moreover, quantification of surgical corridors was performed on cadaver heads with a neuronavigation system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010seven CBCT scans were analyzed. The ASAN would be spared in 16.3% of cases with a type D1 EMM, while it would be injured in the majority of type D2 to D5 resections. At least 1 nerve of the ASAN\u2010NAN was spared in 96.6%, 93%, 74.6%, 0%, and 65.8% of type D1 to D5 EMMs, respectively. Two cadaver heads were dissected and the incremental volume and number of maxillary subsites exposed was assessed in type D1 to D5 EMMs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ASAN function impairment is probably compensated by LABs and MABs. If this hypothesis will be validated in a prospective study on patients, preoperative CBCT evaluation could predict neurological morbidity after type D EMM, and allow tailoring the procedure to minimize impairment of the ASAN\u2010NAN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]],"date-time":"2017-08-14T16:52:47Z","timestamp":1502729567000},"page":"1014-1021","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Anterior superior alveolar nerve injury after extended endoscopic medial maxillectomy: a preclinical study to predict neurological morbidity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia Brescia 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Lancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Ravanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Radiology, Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Bertazzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi Fabrizio","family":"Rodella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Buffoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Doglietto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia, Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Nicolai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"1273","article-title":"The intranasal opening of the maxillary sinus","volume":"27","author":"Sturmann D.","year":"1908","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1908.25410140018002e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"953","article-title":"A new way for the surgery of malignant nasal tumors","volume":"53","author":"Denker A.","year":"1906","journal-title":"Munch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"84","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal endoscopic resection in the management of selected malignancies: ten\u2010year experience","volume":"48","author":"Castelnuovo 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