{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T13:01:10Z","timestamp":1783602070662,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,22]],"date-time":"2017-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG036762"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG036762"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI106683"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI106683"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5UL1 TR 000430\u201009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5UL1 TR 000430\u201009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traditional methods of staging chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) through imaging do not differentiate between degrees of partial mucosal sinus inflammation, thus limiting their utility as imaging biomarkers. We hypothesized that software\u2010aided, quantitative measurement of sinus inflammation would generate a metric of disease burden that would correlate with clinical parameters in patients with suspected sinus disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults with rhinologic complaints undergoing computed tomography imaging were recruited at an urban, academic, tertiary care center (n = 45 with Lund\u2010Mackay [LM] scores \u22654). Three\u2010dimensional (3D) volumetric image analysis was performed using a semiautomated method to obtain a \u201cChicago\u2010modified Lund\u2010Mackay\u201d (Chicago MLM) score, which provides a continuous scale to quantify extent of opacification. Linear regression was used to test the association of the Chicago MLM score with concurrent symptoms (Total Nasal Symptom Score [TNSS]) and disease\u2010specific quality of life, based on the Sinonasal Outcome Test\u201022 (SNOT\u201022).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chicago MLM scores were significantly associated with both symptoms (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.037) and disease\u2010specific quality of life (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.007). Inflammation in the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses appeared to influence these associations. These findings were even more robust when analysis was limited to patients with more severe disease (LM &gt;6).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The quantitative measurement of sinus inflammation by computer\u2010aided 3D analysis correlates modestly with both symptoms and disease\u2010specific quality of life. Posterior sinuses appear to have the greatest impact on these findings, potentially providing an anatomic target for clinicians to base therapy. The Chicago MLM score is a promising imaging biomarker for clinical and research use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,22]],"date-time":"2017-09-22T13:52:39Z","timestamp":1506088359000},"page":"1052-1057","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Three\u2010dimensional image analysis for staging chronic rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5955-4268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sooyoung","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago  Chicago IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael V.","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago  Chicago IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan C.","family":"Garneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago  Chicago IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan K.","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Chicago  Chicago IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"McKeough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery University of Chicago  Chicago IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel T.","family":"Ginat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Chicago  Chicago IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuad M.","family":"Baroody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery University of Chicago  Chicago IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Samuel G.","family":"Armato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Chicago  Chicago IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayant M.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery University of Chicago  Chicago IL"},{"name":"Center on Demography and Economics of Aging University of Chicago  Chicago IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"260","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: national health interview survey","volume":"10","author":"Blackwell DL","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(95)70152-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Staging in rhinosinusitis","volume":"31","author":"Lund VJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-59989770004-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"181","article-title":"Correlation between symptoms and radiological findings in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis: a modified radiological typing system","volume":"47","author":"Nair S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21219"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21042"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21499"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2012.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"436","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a nasal symptom questionnaire for use as an outcome measure in clinical research and audit","volume":"18","author":"Fairley JW","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01995.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"193","article-title":"ABRAS: a portable application for observer studies and visualization","volume":"6","author":"Starkey A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SensakovicWF PintoJM BaroodyFM et\u00a0al.Automated segmentation of mucosal change in rhinosinusitis patients. 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