{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:37:49Z","timestamp":1790883469144,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,19]],"date-time":"2018-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification (IFAC) is an international consensus document published in 2016 to standardize the nomenclature of cells in the region of the frontal recess and frontal sinus. The IFAC was designed to be surgically relevant and anatomically precise. The current study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of the frontal cell variants as defined by the IFAC, as well as to determine the interrater reliability of the IFAC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three independent reviewers examined triplanar nondiseased maxillofacial computed tomography (CT) scans to assess the anatomy of the frontal recess according to the IFAC system. The prevalence of each cell type was assessed and interrater reliability was measured using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred CT scans (200 sides) were examined. Of the 200 sides, 96.5% contained an agger nasi cell (ICC, 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77\u20100.86), 30.0% contained a supra agger cell (ICC, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86\u20100.92), 20.0% contained a supra agger frontal cell (ICC 0.80; 95% CI 0.74\u20100.84), 72.0% contained a supra bulla cell (ICC, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.76\u20100.85), 5.5% contained a supra bulla frontal cell (ICC, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.63\u20100.77), 28.5% contained a supraorbital ethmoid cell (ICC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.72\u20100.83), and 30.0% contained a frontal septal cell (ICC, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.74\u20100.84). The ICC was good to excellent for identification of all frontal cell types.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study describes the normative distribution of frontal recess cells in a nondiseased population according to IFAC and demonstrates favorable interrater reliability of the classification system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T18:22:47Z","timestamp":1519237367000},"page":"825-830","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Computed tomography analysis of frontal cell prevalence according to the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Garret","family":"Choby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Mayo Clinic  Rochester MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Thamboo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery University of British Columbia School of Medicine  Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae\u2010Bin","family":"Won","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Seoul National University Hospital  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jooyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Kosin University College of Medicine  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang Chun","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery China Medical University Hospital  Taichung Taiwan, ROC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21425"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21738"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European position paper on the anatomical terminology of the internal nose and paranasal sinuses","volume":"24","author":"Lund VJ","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rhinology Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2012.26.3774"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21756"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065897781286098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"959","article-title":"Frontal sinus drainage","volume":"55","author":"Alyea OE","year":"1946","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065894781874278"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.6.4.284"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","volume-title":"Foundations of Clinical Research: Applications to Practice","author":"Portney L","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2012.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240301700310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240201600209"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20977"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065899781389885"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20774"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.05.750"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40463-015-0074-6"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; 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