{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:16:31Z","timestamp":1790356591243,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been identified as a high\u2010priority disease category for quality improvement. To this end, this study aimed to develop CRS\u2010specific quality indicators (QIs) to evaluate diagnosis and management that relieves patient discomfort, improves quality of life, and prevents complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A guideline\u2010based approach, proposed in 2012 by K\u00f6tter et\u00a0al. was used to develop QIs for CRS. Candidate indicators (CIs) were extracted from 3 practice guidelines and 1 international consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of CRS. Guidelines were evaluated using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool. Each CI and its supporting evidence was summarized and reviewed by an expert panel based on validity, reliability, and feasibility of measurement. Final QIs were selected from CIs utilizing the modified RAND Corporation\u2013University of California, Los Angeles (RAND\/UCLA) appropriateness methodology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010nine CIs were identified after literature review and evaluated by our panel. Of these, 9 CIs reached consensus as being appropriate QIs, with 4 requiring additional discussion. After a second round of evaluations, the panel selected 9 QIs as appropriate measures of high\u2010quality care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study proposes 9 QIs for the diagnosis and management of patients with CRS. These QIs can serve multiple purposes, including documenting the quality of care; comparing institutions and providers; prioritizing quality improvement initiatives; supporting accountability, regulation, and accreditation; and determining pay\u2010for\u2010performance initiatives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T14:31:54Z","timestamp":1531405914000},"page":"1369-1379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Quality indicators for the diagnosis and management of chronic rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Justin","family":"Cottrell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Toronto  Toronto ON 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