{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T16:19:18Z","timestamp":1786205958190,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,6]],"date-time":"2018-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LY17H130002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY17H130002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> is the most commonly isolated bacterium from patients with surgically recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Understanding the immune responses to <jats:italic>S aureus<\/jats:italic> biofilms will provide insights into how the host response may be manipulated by therapeutic agents to improve the chances of successfully preventing and treating these infections. In this study, we investigated the inflammatory immune response in a rabbit model of <jats:italic>S aureus<\/jats:italic> biofilm\u2013related sinusitis by analyzing the levels of some major inflammatory cytokines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: a blank\u2010control group; a negative\u2010control group; and a model group. Four weeks after the biofilm\u2010associated sinusitis models were established, the sinus mucosa was harvested and examined using hematoxylin\u2010eosin (H&amp;E) staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR), and western blotting. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed statistically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20108, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 expression levels were significantly higher in the model group than in the blank\u2010control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05); mRNA levels were increased by 1600%, 230%, and 130%, respectively, and the protein levels were increased by 180%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. In contrast, IL\u20104 and IL\u20105 mRNA levels were reduced by 44% and 70%, respectively, compared with the blank\u2010control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>S aureus<\/jats:italic> biofilms in the rabbit maxillary sinus mucosa were associated with increased IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20108, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 expression, and decreased IL\u20104 and IL\u20105 expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,6]],"date-time":"2018-07-06T17:24:27Z","timestamp":1530897867000},"page":"1226-1232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Inflammatory immune response in rabbits with <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> biofilm\u2013associated sinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Xianmin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9344-4767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minghui","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1318"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35042737"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2008.22.3119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.moo.0000193172.69697.08"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200404000-00032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2009.23.3366"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21717"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21805"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.11.6339-6345.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2009.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/039139880903200905"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2014.28.4030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn464"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01465-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2006.01225.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.06.090"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02678.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2015.29.4130"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.10.5207"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.10.6933"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0306232"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(98)00187-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70462-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1996.4276"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21414"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00135.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.7.2517-2521.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/63.4.381"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.00917.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05571-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006231-200011000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01386-10"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; Rhinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Falr.22175","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alr.22175","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T05:13:04Z","timestamp":1694927584000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alr.22175"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,6]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alr.22175"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alr.22175","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-6976","2042-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-6976","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-6984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-04-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-06-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}