{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:50:34Z","timestamp":1792043434127,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive and rare malignancy. This is the first multi\u2010institutional study on the prognostic factors associated with outcomes in this population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The National Cancer Database was queried for the period from 2004 to 2013 for all cases of malignant sinonasal RMS in the pediatric population. The impact of patients\u2019 demographics, tumor characteristics, and Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group (IRSG) staging on survival was assessed using chi\u2010square test, Fisher's exact test, Kaplan\u2010Meier test, and Cox regression analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 157 cases of pediatric sinonasal RMS were identified. Mean age at diagnosis was 9.38 years and male patients comprised 48.4% of the cohort. The nasal cavity (31.8%) and maxillary sinus (30.6%) were the most common primary sites. Alveolar was the most common histology (49.7%), followed by embryonal type (32.5%). The majority of patients received solely chemoradiation (52.9%), followed by surgery with adjuvant chemoradiation (30.6%). Five\u2010year overall survival (OS) was 55.2% (\u00b14.5%). Metastatic disease was associated with a poorer 5\u2010year OS rate (24.4% vs 61.5%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.010). Maxillary sinus site was associated with an improved survival (71.8% vs 47.6%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.009). On multivariate analysis, chemoradiation with or without surgery was an additional prognostic factor. Although IRSG clinical stages did not correlate with survival, high\u2010risk patients in the IRSG clinical risk groups were associated with poorer survival on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 2.005; 95% confidence interval, 1.007\u20103.993; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.048).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>To date, this is the largest study on pediatric sinonasal RMS. IRSG clinical risk groups may be useful in stratifying high\u2010risk patients with poor prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T18:44:43Z","timestamp":1547145883000},"page":"363-369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Clinicopathologic traits and prognostic factors associated with pediatric sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Sana H.","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2012Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emaad","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2012Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark 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