{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T15:32:58Z","timestamp":1784302378505,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]],"date-time":"2020-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002642","name":"Korea University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K1912911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K1912911"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002642","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease of the sinonasal mucosa. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is associated with T\u2010helper 2 (Th2) response and induced by pathogen, allergen, toll\u2010like receptor (TLR) ligands, and cytokines. Fibroblasts are known to be modulators of wound\u2010healing, from inflammation to tissue remodeling. We examined effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on TSLP production and the underlying mechanisms. We aimed to determine whether the effects of commonly used medications in CRS, namely corticosteroids, and macrolides, are related to LPS\u2010induced TSLP in nasal fibroblasts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fibroblasts were isolated from inferior turbinate tissues of CRS patients. TSLP and TLR4 expressions were determined by reverse transcript\u2012polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR), Western blot, enzyme\u2010linked immunoassay, and immunofluorescence staining. Mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase B (Akt), and nuclear factor\u2010kappaB (NF\u2010\u03baB) phosphorylation was determined by Western blot and\/or luciferase assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      LPS increased TSLP expression in a dose\u2010 and time\u2010dependent manner. LPS antagonist and corticosteroids inhibited TLR4 expression in LPS\u2010stimulated fibroblasts. LPS\u2010RS, macrolides, corticosteroids, and specific inhibitors suppressed LPS\u2010induced alterations.\n                      <jats:italic>Ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      culture showed similar results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LPS induces TSLP production via the TLR4, MAPK, Akt, and NF\u2010\u03baB pathways. The effects of corticosteroids and macrolides are related to LPS\u2010induced TSLP expression. We explored new treatment modalities targeting LPS\u2010induced TSLP production that could replace the currently used corticosteroid and macrolides for treatment of CRS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]],"date-time":"2020-07-05T15:22:05Z","timestamp":1593962525000},"page":"144-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Lipopolysaccharide regulates thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression via TLR4\/MAPK\/Akt\/NF\u2010\u03baB\u2012signaling pathways in nasal fibroblasts: differential inhibitory effects of macrolide and corticosteroid"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ju\u2010Hyung","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Airway Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun\u2010Woo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Airway Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Medical Devices Clinical Trials Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joo\u2010Hoo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Airway Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2012Head and Neck Surgery Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Medical Devices Clinical Trials Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae\u2010Min","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Airway Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2012Head and Neck Surgery Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Medical Devices Clinical Trials Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"IVD Support Center Korea University Guro Hospital  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae\u2010Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2012Head and Neck Surgery Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2012Head and Neck Surgery Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heung\u2010Man","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Airway Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2012Head and Neck Surgery Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Medical Devices Clinical Trials Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Il\u2010Ho","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Airway Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2012Head and Neck Surgery Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Medical Devices Clinical Trials Laboratory Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"IVD Support Center Korea University Guro Hospital  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012","volume":"23","author":"Fokkens WJ","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rhinol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.55.suppl_2.S20"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-052016-100401"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199802000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3181f20489"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12440"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-0992"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.11-RAI-0395"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01902148.2018.1536175"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.10.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2017.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13267"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2013.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2016.0112"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvu062"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07561-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0294"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510381264"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2012.26.3718"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1946"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2017.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3739"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2017.0732"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Nasal polyp fibroblasts produce MIP\u20103alpha in response to toll\u2010like receptor ligands and cytokine stimulation","volume":"48","author":"Nonaka M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2008-0371OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157058"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300588"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines5040034"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6978936"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsim.2005.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.12.8069"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; Rhinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Falr.22641","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alr.22641","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/alr.22641","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alr.22641","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T23:04:20Z","timestamp":1693695860000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alr.22641"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alr.22641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alr.22641","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.20061\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2042-6976","2042-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-6976","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-6984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}