{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:27:04Z","timestamp":1786976824421,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]],"date-time":"2021-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638576000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mechanisms of smell loss in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are still unclear and likely multifactorial. Little attention has been given to olfactory cleft (OC) mucus proteins involved in odorant binding and metabolizing enzymes and their potential role in smell loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mucus from the OC was sampled from patients with CRS (n = 20) and controls (n = 10). Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were performed, followed by data processing so that protein groups could be identified, quantified, and compared. Hierarchical clustering and bioinformatic analysis were performed on significantly different proteins to explore for enrichment in known biologic pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 2514 proteins were found in OC mucus from all 30 subjects. Significant differences in protein abundance were found between CRS and controls, including both CRSsNP (n = 351 proteins; log\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      fold change range: \u20133.88 to 6.71) and CRSwNP (n = 298 proteins; log\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      fold change range: \u20134.00 to \u20136.13). Significant differences were found between patients with normosmia and those with dysosmia (n = 183; log\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      fold change range: \u20133.62 to \u20132.16) and across groups of interest for a number of odorant binding proteins and metabolizing enzymes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OC mucous in CRS displays a rich and abundant array of proteins, many of which have been implicated in odorant transport and metabolization in animal studies. Significant differences in the olfactory mucus proteome were seen between CRS subtypes and controls, as well as between those with normal and abnormal olfaction. Further study should confirm these findings and explore the role individual proteins play in odorant transport and metabolization. \u00a92020 ARSAAOA, LLC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T13:56:26Z","timestamp":1607090186000},"page":"1162-1176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Olfactory cleft mucus proteome in chronic rhinosinusitis: a case\u2010control pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Zachary M.","family":"Soler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodney J.","family":"Schlosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"},{"name":"Department of Surgery Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer K.","family":"Mulligan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology and Sinus\/Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland OR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jess C.","family":"Mace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology and Sinus\/Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland OR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay R.","family":"Ramakrishan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University of Colorado\u2010Anschutz Medical Campus  Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Norris\u2010Caneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer R.","family":"Bethard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren E.","family":"Ball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Medical University of South Carolina  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