{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T17:55:16Z","timestamp":1770141316064,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Frailty is a syndrome characterized by reduced physiologic reserve and increased vulnerability to poor health outcomes. Disruption of sensorineural function appears to serve as a novel biomarker of frailty. Using population\u2010level data, we sought to characterize the association between otolaryngic sensory dysfunction and frailty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional analysis of the 2011\u20102012 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was performed on adults \u226540 years of age (n\u00a0=\u00a02138). Participants were grouped by subjective gustatory dysfunction (sGD), olfactory dysfunction (sOD), hearing loss (sHL), and measured hearing loss (mHL) with pure tone averages (PTAs). Frailty was operationalized using a continuous 36\u2010item frailty index (FI) scored from 0 to 1, stratified in 4 categories (\u201cnon\u2010frail,\u201d \u201cvulnerable,\u201d \u201cfrail,\u201d or \u201cmost frail\u201d).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All sensory loss groups had significantly higher FI scores than those without sensory loss (sGD = 0.15; sOD = 0.14; sHL = 0.15; low\u2010frequency mHL = 0.16; high\u2010frequency mHL = 0.14\u00a0vs control = 0.11; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.007 for all). \u201cVulnerable\u201d individuals had increased odds of sOD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05\u20102.00), whereas \u201cfrail\u201d individuals had increased odds of sOD (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.26\u20102.71) and low\u2010frequency mHL (aOR, 4.01; 95% CI, 1.27\u201012.63). The \u201cmost frail\u201d individuals had increased odds of sHL (aOR, 11.72; 95% CI, 2.88\u201047.66) and high\u2010frequency mHL (aOR 5.10; 95% CI, 1.72\u201015.12). PTAs were linearly associated with FI (low: \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a010.15; 95% CI, 1.78\u201018.51; high: \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a019.85; 95% CI, 5.19\u201034.53).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Otolaryngic sensory loss is associated with increased frailty. Independent association of frailty with measures of olfaction and hearing suggests that olfactory and hearing assessments may help identify at\u2010risk individuals with modifiable risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T03:56:14Z","timestamp":1638935774000},"page":"771-779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Otolaryngic sensory loss as a measure of frailty among older US adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0722-3544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nanki","family":"Hura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore MD"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh 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