{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T22:00:58Z","timestamp":1789423258272,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Otologic symptoms consistent with Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) are common in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), but can also occur independently of CRS as primary ETD. It is unclear if CRS+ETD is similar to primary ETD or how treatment outcomes compare.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010analyses (PRISMA). Any study describing ETD in CRS was included. Primary ETD studies were limited to those with preoperative and postoperative Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ\u20107) scores in ETD treated only with Eustachian tube balloon dilation (ETBD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen studies were included: nine studies with 1336 consecutive patients with CRS and seven studies with 161 patients with primary ETD. In studies with specific data, 225 (47.2%) patients with CRS had a score &gt;14.5, consistent with ETD. In CRS+ETD, baseline mean \u00b1 standard deviation (SD) ETDQ\u20107 score was 20.7\u00a0<jats:bold>\u00b1\u00a0<\/jats:bold>8.4 and did not differ by polyp status. In primary ETD, mean ETDQ\u20107 score was significantly higher than CRS+ETD (29.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.1, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). Regarding treatment outcomes, CRS+ETD treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) alone resulted in mean ETDQ\u20107 in the normal range (13.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.3), with a mean change of \u22127.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], \u221210.82 to \u22123.99) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.00001). Patients with primary ETD treated with ETBD had postoperative ETDQ7 scores of 14.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.5 with mean change of \u221213.9 (95% CI, \u221218.01 to \u22129.88), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.00001.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ETD is noted in approximately half of patients with CRS. Outcomes of CRS+ETD treated with ESS alone are similar to those of patients with primary ETD treated with ETBD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,17]],"date-time":"2021-12-17T15:42:39Z","timestamp":1639755759000},"page":"942-951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) in chronic rhinosinusitis with comparison to primary ETD: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9797-6920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiffany","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6290-9506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas S.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun A.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted A.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary M.","family":"Soler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodney J.","family":"Schlosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28416"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2013.06.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001853"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12475"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interventions for adult Eustachian tube dysfunction: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Llewellyn A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess (Rockv)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23223"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"OCEBM Levels of Evidence Working Group.The Oxford levels of evidence 2. 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