{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T21:52:17Z","timestamp":1780091537701,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with aspirin\u2010exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) are among the most challenging rhinologic patients to treat. AERD has a complex inflammatory milieu of lipid mediators and cytokines. In this study we evaluated cytokine differences in the complex AERD environment at the mucus, epithelial, and tissue levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Samples were acquired at the time of sinus surgery from 21 patients (seven steroid\u2010treated, 14 untreated) with aspirin challenge\u2010confirmed AERD. Three methods (sponge adsorption, epithelial brushing, tissue biopsy) were used to acquire samples from the respective sinus sampling sites (mucus, polyp epithelium, and full\u2010thickness polyp) of each patient. We measured and compared 16 cytokine concentrations in AERD patients with or without prednisone treatment using the Luminex platform.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In most sampling sites, IL\u20105, IL\u20106, IL\u201010, IL\u201013, IL\u201033, CCL20, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 were detected at higher concentrations than IFN\u2010\u03b3, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u201017A, IL\u20104, IL\u201022, IL\u201017E\/IL25, and GM\u2010CSF. Each sampling site had a different pattern of cytokine levels, and except for IL\u20105 and IL\u201025 there was no correlation among sampling methods for each cytokine tested. The most notable and significant decreases in cytokines from those treated with prednisone were observed in the epithelium for IL\u20105, IL\u201010, IL\u201033, and IFN\u2010\u03b3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the epithelial samples, type 2\u2010associated cytokines IL\u20105 and IL\u201033, the anti\u2010inflammatory cytokine IL\u201010, and IFN\u2010\u03b3 were lower in AERD patients treated with prednisone. This work serves as a basis to assess therapeutic\u2010induced mucosal cytokine responses in AERD and indicates that the site of cytokine measurement is an important consideration when assessing results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,15]],"date-time":"2022-01-15T03:08:26Z","timestamp":1642216106000},"page":"1232-1241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Steroid affected cytokines in aspirin\u2010exacerbated respiratory disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Li Hui","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Rhinology University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania 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