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Periostin is considered a potential biomarker of endotype and may be useful for evaluating response to treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Search terms in PubMed and Web of Science (1990\u2013March 2022) included: ((periostin) OR (POSTN)) AND ((sinusitis) OR (nasal polyp) OR (CRSwNP) OR (CRS). The primary outcomes were differences in tissue, serum, and nasal lavage between CRSwNP and CRS without NP (CRSsNP) or controls. Associated factors reported to affect periostin expression, data regarding participants\u2019 clinical characteristics, disease endotypes, laboratory methods, and samples\u2019 origin were also pooled. Studies on &lt;10 patients were excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of 101 records harvested through database searching, 29 prospective cross\u2010sectional or case\u2010control studies were eligible for review and qualitative analysis. Tissue sample origin, concurrent infection, current and past medication, primary or recurrent disease, allergic rhinitis, and smoking status should be considered as confounding factors for periostin levels. Periostin and POSTN messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were consistently and significantly higher in CRSwNP than CRSsNP and controls. Despite the distinctly different inflammation patterns among CRSwNP endotypes, periostin\u2010related remodeling patterns seemed to be similar.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tissue and serum periostin levels, and POSTN expression appear elevated in CRSwNP, especially in eosinophilic inflammation, compared to CRSsNP and controls. Disease severity and comorbidities are also reflected in periostin and POSTN values. Carefully designed prospective studies may establish the role of periostin as a biomarker in CRSwNP and allow its incorporation in clinical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T06:39:07Z","timestamp":1651819147000},"page":"1535-1550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Periostin as a biomarker in chronic rhinosinusitis: A contemporary systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Gerasimos","family":"Danielides","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine University Hospital of Patras  Patras Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spyridon","family":"Lygeros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine University Hospital of 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