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These changes indicate the severity and prognosis of CRSwNP and may be closely linked to each other.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed RNA sequencing to screen specific osteogenic molecules and validated transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119) expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry analyses. TMEM119 knockdown was performed to observe the downregulation of bone mineralization. We validated the bone\u2010forming activity of interferon\u2010\u03b3 (IFN\u2010\u03b3) and its signaling pathways in cultured primary sinus bone cells. Cellular sources of IFN\u2010\u03b3 were identified using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. Interleukin\u20104\u2013eosinophil\u2013IFN\u2010\u03b3 axis and the effect of dupilumab were investigated in Eol\u20101 cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed elevated IFN\u2010\u03b3 levels and eosinophils in the nasal fluid and predominantly eosinophil\u2010derived IFN\u2010\u03b3 in the sinus mucosa of patients with CRSwNP. TMEM119 expression and bone\u2010forming activities were increased in the osteitic and primary sinus bone cells of CRSwNP. IFN\u2010\u03b3 treatment enhanced bone mineralization and TMEM119 expression via signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling. Moreover, TMEM119 knockdown inhibited sinus bone cell mineralization and dupilumab attenuated IFN\u2010\u03b3 secretion by IL4\u2010stimulated Eol\u20101 cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eosinophil\u2010derived IFN\u2010\u03b3 promotes the bone\u2010forming activities of sinus bone cells via the STAT1\u2013TMEM119 signaling pathway. Interleukin\u20104\u2013eosinophil\u2013IFN\u2010\u03b3 axis may be crucial for TMEM119\u2010mediated new bone formation in CRSwNP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T15:13:37Z","timestamp":1660922017000},"page":"242-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Eosinophil\u2010derived interferon\u2010\u03b3 drives transmembrane protein 119\u2013induced new bone formation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sungsin","family":"Jo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR)  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bong Joon","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck 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