{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:59:42Z","timestamp":1791583182070,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Advancements in endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery created a need for standardized terminology to describe sphenoid sinus surgery. Although classification systems exist for other sinuses, one for endoscopic sphenoid sinus surgery is lacking. Developing such a system would standardize procedure descriptions and promote a common language among surgeons. This study aimed to develop a new classification system for endoscopic sphenoid surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Consensus on a novel endoscopic sphenoid surgery classification system by running the Delphi procedure with 16 rhinology experts from around the world.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four Delphi rounds were required to reach a consensus on all stages of the classification. The average percentage of agreement on the stages of classification progressively increased from 70.83% in the first round to 87.68% in the last round. The rejection rates continuously decreased from 8.81% in the first round to 4.44% in the last round. The classification system was developed as follows: stage 1, presphenoid surgery; stage 2A, partial sphenoidotomy; stage 2B, complete sphenoidotomy; stage 2C, transpterygoid sphenoidotomy; stage 3A, Rostral sphenoidectomy; and stage 3B, extended sphenoid drill\u2010out.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This novel endoscopic sphenoid surgery classification system facilitates the description of different sphenoid sinus procedures, providing surgeons with better opportunities for discussion and communication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T19:16:10Z","timestamp":1742930170000},"page":"828-836","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Novel International Endoscopic Sphenoid Surgery Classification (IESSC): A Delphi Consensus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3345-1644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hussain","family":"Albaharna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010 Head &amp; Neck Surgery Qatif Central Hospital  Qatif Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz","family":"Alrasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery College of Medicine, King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1606-9999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulaziz","family":"AlQahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery King Fahad Medical City  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine AlFaisal University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alkis J.","family":"Psaltis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery\u2014Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery University of Adelaide and the Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network  Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9427-1853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amin","family":"Javer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Paul's Sinus Centre, University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cem","family":"Meco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Ankara University Medical School  Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Salzburg Paracelsus Medical University  Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Cornell University, Weill Cornell Medical College  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1158-020X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Georgalas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nicosia  Nicosia Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1180-5854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric W.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2557-6017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isam","family":"Alobid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skull Base Unit, ENT Department Hospital Clinic. IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Universitat de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4337-4745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Omura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\/Head and Neck Surgery The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6914-3235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Fernando","family":"Macias\u2010Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology Unit. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery LaSalle University. Hospital Espa\u00f1ol de M\u00e9xico  M\u00e9xico City M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Tewfik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery McGill University  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narayanan","family":"Prepageran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Faculty of Medicine Universiti Malaya, Jalan Universiti, Wilayah Persekutuan  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Battaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Insubria University  Como Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Castelnuovo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Insubria University  Como 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