{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T05:10:29Z","timestamp":1785820229081,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2504100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2504100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC2410200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC2410200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82471132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82471132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Local allergic rhinitis (LAR) is a chronic rhinitis (CR) phenotype with localized IgE production but no systemic atopy. Diagnosis relies on the nasal allergen challenge (NAC), but its correlation with the underlying immunological endotype is unclear, necessitating a more reliable biomarker. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate a local specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) threshold for diagnosing house dust mite (HDM)\u2010sensitized LAR and compare its immunological relevance to the conventional NAC\u2010based method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective study enrolled 181 CR patients without systemic atopy and 146 healthy controls. All CR patients underwent NAC. Local sIgE levels of\n                      <jats:italic>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Dermatophagoides farinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      were measured in nasal secretions. A diagnostic threshold was established using the 95th percentile from the healthy cohort. The NAC and sIgE\u2010based stratifications were then compared by analyzing patients\u2019 nasal cytokine profiles.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Classification based on NAC positivity did not reveal significant differences in local sIgE or a consistent type 2 inflammatory signature. In contrast, stratification using the established local sIgE threshold (\u2265 0.14 kUA\/L) identified a local sIgE\u2010high group with significantly elevated levels of type 2 cytokines (IL\u20104, IL\u20105, CCL5, and CCL11) compared to the sIgE\u2010low group (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, local sIgE levels positively correlated with these type 2 cytokines in the sIgE\u2010high group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A local sIgE threshold reliably identifies an immunologically distinct LAR endotype, aligning diagnosis with its type 2 pathophysiology. This biomarker\u2010driven approach offers a precise tool to refine diagnostic algorithms and improve patient selection for targeted therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.70131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T14:05:12Z","timestamp":1772978712000},"page":"820-830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Using Local sIgE Threshold to Refine the Diagnosis of Local Allergic Rhinitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4161-0994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zengxiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases Beijing Municipal Education Commission and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory For Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4356-0281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory For Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory For Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory For Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory For Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases Beijing Municipal Education Commission and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory For Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0910-9884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases Beijing Municipal Education Commission and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory For Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1080-4267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases Beijing Municipal Education Commission and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory For Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14848"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2020.1858804"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59050929"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Allergen\u2010Specific Immunotherapy for Local Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"60","author":"Hoang M. P.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924211050547"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life14080965"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13416"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12577"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000413"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.waojou.2023.100852"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11010080"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.691964"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2023.2228493"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/ME12036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","first-page":"604","article-title":"Prevalence of Sensitization to Specific Allergens in Allergic Patients in Beijing, China: A 7\u2010Year Retrospective Study","volume":"43","author":"Li Y.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-0059"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408363.2017.1379945"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00576-2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07485-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life15030469"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2010.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13601-017-0174-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2019.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life15111683"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-08394-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23822\/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.358"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2021.1971701"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-020-00920-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13617"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2023.2225770"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03651-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102467"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; Rhinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alr.70131","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/alr.70131","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alr.70131","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T15:53:09Z","timestamp":1785772389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alr.70131"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alr.70131"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alr.70131","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-6976","2042-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-6976","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-6984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}